马克思主义是为全人类服务的。判断对错参考答案：错误

27____was 25 times more deadly than normal and it caused more deaths than the First World War.

The consequences of a massive 28____could be disastrous for 29____.For example, a cloud of ash could 30_the sun and the molten lava would destroy everything in its path.

26. A. virus B. chemical C. epidemic D. wave

27. A. impact B. disaster C. pandemic D. eruption

28. A. forest fire B. tsunami C. greenhouse gas D. volcanic eruption

29. A. terrorists B. scientists C. humanity D. mass migration

30. A. block out B. head for C. put out D. wipe out

Can ballet change Lives?

21.____Last night I was worried,very worried. I had the job of going to watch amateur ballet dancers performing on stage with one of the UK's top professional ballet companies. A performance like this seemed very risky and! asked myself, 'Are they mad?'Before I tell you the answer,I'll tell you why I had such big doubts.

22.____The idea of mixing amateur and professional dancers started a couple of years ago when two friends with very different jobs found a way of working together. One of the men had created an award-winning TV series. Musicality ,in which amateurs trained to perform. in the musical Chicago. The other man runs a charity called Youth at Risk which works with young people who have serious problems with aggression and antisocial behaviour. Although it was a risk, the two men thought they could make a TV programme in which ballet changed the lives of young people with problems.

23.____Their idea was this: if the young people could accept the strict discipline and challenge of ballet training,it would build their self-esteem and give them new confidence in themselves. The first step was to find suitable teenagers to take part and they asked teachers and youth workers already working professionally with young people at risk, to find candidates for the project. Through them 300 young people joined the programme and although about half dropped out,in the end sixty teenagers appeared on stage in the public performance.

24.____The ballet they chose was Sergei Prokofie's Romeo and Juliet ,choreographed by Sir Kenneth MacMillan. The story of Romeo and Juliet includes family conflict, the generation gap ,gangs, murder ,young love and teenage suicide so it is the perfect mirror for the lives of troubled young people in today's society.

25.____Going back to my original question: 'Are they mad?' The answer is definitely ‘no’. As soon as the ballet started, my worries disappeared. It was amazing how these unlikely dancers were magically transformed into their characters. At the end of the evening I was left with this thought: 'ballet can change lives'. It is a dancing cure, not a talking cure; it is silent so it stops arguments.

A. Why I love going to the ballet

B. Where the idea came from

C. Why I was worried

D. Romeo and Juliet is the perfect choice

E. A new star is born in Chicago

F. How they found the young people

G. My final thoughts

H. A dancer's life

In addition to satisfying the target market's needs, the product is important because it is how organizations generate revenue. It is the "thing" that for-profit companies sell in order to realize profits and satisfy stakeholders and what a non-profit organization use to generate funds needed to sustain itself. Without a well-developed product strategy that includes input from the target market, a marketing organization will not have long-term success.

target market. Organizations attempt to provide solutions(21)________a target market' s problems. These solutions include tangible or (22) ________ (or both) product offerings marketed by an organization. In addition to (23) ________ the target market's needs, the product is important because it is how organizations generate revenue. It is the "thing" that for-profit companies sell in order to realize profits and satisfy stakeholders and what a (24) __________ organization use to generate funds needed to sustain itself. (25) ________ a well-developed product strategy that includes input from the target market, a marketing organization will not have long-term success.

In marketing, the term "product" is often used as a (26) __________ word to identify solutions a marketer provides to its target market. We will follow this approach and permit the term "product" to cover offerings that fall into one of the following categories:

Goods: Something is considered a good if it is a tangible item. That is, it is something that is felt, tasted, heard, smelled or (27) _________.For example, bicycles, cell phones, and donuts are all examples of tangible goods. In some cases there is a fine line between items that affect the senses and whether these are considered tangible or intangible. We often see this with digital goods accessed via the Internet, such as (28) _________ to music online or visiting an information website. In these cases there does not appear to be anything (29) _________ is tangible or real since it is essentially computer code that is proving the solution. (30)_,for our purposes, we distinguish these as goods since these products are built (albeit using computer code),are stored (e. g.,on a computer hard drive),and generally offer the same benefits each time (a g.,quality of the download song is always the same).

Services: Something is considered a service if it is an offering a customer (31) ________through the work or labor of someone else. Services can result in the creation of tangible goods (e. g.,a publisher of business magazines hires a freelance writer to write an article) but the main solution being purchased is the service. (32) ________ goods, services are not stored, they are only available at the time of use (e.g.,hair salon) and the consistency of the benefit offered can vary (33) _________ one purchaser to another (e.g.,not exactly the same hair styling each time).

Ideas: Something falls into the category of an idea if the marketer attempts to convince the customer to alter their behavior. or their perception (34) _________ some way. Marketing ideas is often a solution put forth by non-profit groups or governments in order to get targeted groups to avoid or change (35) ________ behavior. This is seen with public service announcements directed toward such activity as youth smoking, automobile safety, and illegal drug use.

Now fill each gap with the best word (A, B, C or D)

21. A. for B. to C. with D. of

22. A. intangible B. concrete C. detailed D. formless

23. A. satisfy B. dissatisfy C. satisfying D. dissatisfying

24. A. profit B. profitable C. unprofitable D. non-profit

25. A. Without B. For C. With D. No

26. A. overall B. catch-all C. complete D. meaningful

27. A. see B. saw C. seen D. sees

28. A. listened B. listen C. listens D. listening

29. A. that B. which C. who D. it

30.A. Furthermore B. However C. Despite D. Therefore

31.A. obtains B. gets C. achieves D. receives

32. A. Like B. Dislike C. Unlike D. Likewise

33. A. to B. as C. by D. from

34.A.to B.in C.for D.by

35. A. some B. that C. certain D. specific

or limited liability corporation.

A proprietorship is owned by one individual. More than 70% of the businesses in the United States are organized as proprietorships. The popularity of this form. is due to the ease and the low cost of organizing. The primary disadvantage of proprietorships is that the financial resources available to the business are limited to the individual owner,5 resources. Small local businesses such as hardware stores, repair shops, laundries, restaurants, and maid services are often organized as proprietorships.

As a business grows and more financial and managerial resources are needed, it may become a partnership. A partnership is owned by two or more individuals. Like proprietorships, small local businesses such as automotive repair shops, music stores, beauty salons, and clothing stores may be organized as partnerships. Currently, about 10% of the businesses in the United States are organized as partnerships.

A corporation is organized under state or federal statues as a separate legal taxable entity. The ownership of a corporation is divided into shares of stock. A corporation issues the stocks to individuals or other businesses,who then become owners or stockholders of the corporation.

A primary advantage of the corporate form. 15 the ability to obtain large amounts of resources by issuing stock.For this reason,most companies that require large investments in equipment and facilities are organized as corporations.About 20%of the businesses in the United States are organized as corporations.Given that most large companies are organized

As corporations, over 90% of the total dollars of business receipts are received by corporations.Thus,corporations have a major influence on the economy.

Al limited liability corporation combines attributes of a partnership and a corporation in that it 15 organized as a corporation,but it can elect to be taxed as a partnership.Thus,its owners'(or members')liability is limited to their investment in the business,and its income is taxed when the owners report it on their individual tax returns.

Now choose the best sentence(A,B,C or D)for each question.

15.Most businesses in America are organized as proprietorships due to the reason that______.

A. it is owned by one individual

B. it is easy and cheap to organize them

C. the financial resources available to the business are limited

D. small local businesses are organized as proprietorships

16. The difference between a proprietorship and a partnership is that______.

A. a partnership is organized under state or federal statues

B. a proprietorship has the ability to obtain large amounts of resources

C. a partnership has two or more owners while a proprietorship has only one

D. a proprietorship is more welcomed by businesses

17. The corporate form. is quite suitable for companies that______.

A. need large investments in equipment and facilities

B. obtain large amounts of resources

C. have to issue the stocks to others

D. belong to separate legal taxable entities

18. Which of the following organizations has a major influence on the economy?

A. Proprietorships.

B. Partnerships.

C. Corporations.

D. Limited liability corporations.

19. A limited liability corporation has the following features except______.

A. it has the attributes of both a partnership and a corporation.

B. it is organized as a corporation.

C. it can be taxed as a partnership.

D. its owners are liable for all the failures.

20. According to the passage, which of the following is not true?______.

A. Proprietorship, partnership, corporation and limited liability corporation are common forms of business organizations.

B. Most business receipts are received by limited liability corporations.

C. Corporations issue stocks to individuals or businesses, who then become their owners.

D. The owners of limited liability corporations should be taxed.

What I like about the Fortune 500 list

The Fortune 500 isn't made for light reading. (8) ________ The 500 is based on U. S.-based compaflje5, publicly reported revenue, not on any quality-based metrics, You get high-grade companies such as Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway (No. 7) nestled near utter dogs such as Fannie Mae (No. 5). (9) ________ My favorites:

LeBron who? Last summer, Cleveland sustained a psychic trauma when basketball star LeBron James dumped the Cavaliers and went to Miami. Now the home of the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame has gotten a little mojo back by adding a company to the Fortune 500: Cliffs Natural Resources. (10)________It could have been better for Cleveland, though. The company used to be known as Cleveland-Cliffs Inc. but renamed itself in 2008, saying, "We're no longer only a North American iron ore player.”LeBron-Cliffs, anyone?

Chrysler returns. The automaker fell off the list 13 years ago, when it was acquired by Daimler-Benz (later DaimlerChrysler) in what proved to be one of the worst corporate deals ever, right up there with Time Warner (owner of Fortune's publisher) selling itself to AOL in 2001. Daimler dumped Chrysler onto the Cerberus leveraged-buyout firm, which put up almost nothing but still overpaid. (11) ________ It has no publicly traded stock. Under the terms of its federal bailout, however, it has to file financial reports with the SEC, so it's list-eligible again. Welcome back, No. 59.

Exit Unisys. Enter Cognizant. These two information technology firms are heading in opposite directions. (12) _______ But the company's revenue dropped in 2010, and this year it's fallen off the list, to No. 520. Meanwhile, Cognizant, on Fortune' s list of fastest-growing companies for a record eight straight years, has grown its way into the 500(No. 484) only three years after first making the Fortune 1,000. (13) ________ Unisys, by contrast, was formed in 1986 by combining old-line computer companies Burroughs and Sperry.

Finally, Buffett. His Berkshire Hathaway cracked the top 10 in revenue and profit for the first time because last year it bought the 78 percent of Burlington Northern that it didn't already own. (Buffett, a longtime director of The Washington Post Co.,steps down this month.)As part of that deal, Buffett split Berkshire Hathaway' s B shares 50 for 1.

(14) _________ So I decided it was time to sell half my Berkshire stake, held in an IRA, into the run-up. The stock's since risen 10 percent. Oh, well. Yet another example of why he's Warren Buffett and I write for a living.

Now match the statements (8-14) to the letter (A, B, C or D).

A Unisys was one of only 62 companies to have been in the 500 every year since Fortune started the list in 1955.

B Cliffs, which is heavy into iron ore pellets, coal and other industrial raw materials, doubled its revenue with the aid of acquisitions and leapt to No. 477 on this year's list from No. 750 last year.

C Cognizant, formed in 1994, is a creature of the offshoring world, with most of its development centers in India.

D I found some of this year's corporate comings and goings especially interesting.

E That got it listed on the S&P 500 index, forcing index investors to buy it and running up its price.

F Chrysler went broke and is now run by Fiat; it is owned primarily by Fiat and a trust for Chrysler workers and retirees.

G But if you leaf through the list at random, the way I used to leaf through the Book of Knowledge encyclopedia when I was a kid, you come across all sorts of stuff that's kind of fun.

A

Not all anniversaries are landmarks. And yet, ten years after China joined the World Trade Organization, it is impossible to overlook the consequences of this momentous decision on the global economy.

Those present in 2001 will recall how difficult the negotiation process was, in fact, it was extraordinary that they even reached an agreement.

The US benefited from the deal but it was far from being the biggest winner. China scooped the largest prize. In areas such as agricultural goods, trade liberalization was nothing short of dramatic. By entering the WTO, Beijing could adopt aspects of international commercial law which would have been more difficult to introduce because of domestic constraints.

The sheer size of China's export market is the most powerful testimony to Beijing's success. But other countries benefited too. Since Beijing' s emergence on the stage of world trade, commerce between emerging markets has enjoyed a significant boost. It can only be a good thing that less developed countries are now trading with each other rather than relying only on Western partners.

B

As for the rich world, the accession of China to the WTO has created new challenges. Consumers have enjoyed cheap Chinese goods. At the same time, European and US companies have struggled to keep pace with ever stiffer competition.

There were also macroeconomic consequences. The low prices of Chinese imports meant that it was easier for central banks in developed countries to meet their inflation targets. This triggered the cuts in interest rates which, in turn, helped to cause an unsustainable credit boom. Now that the bubble has burst, the consequences of China's entry in the trade arena have become painfully apparent.

Ten years on, the future outlook remains mixed. Chinese trade policy still has not evolved sufficiently. Beijing is determined not to let its currency appreciate as it should do. Though there have been modest steps forward in its exchange rate policy, the world's economy is still far from seeing the problems associated with global imbalances resolved.

As for "win-win", well, China is certainly winning. In 2000 it was the world's seventh largest exporter and eighth largest importer of merchandise; in 2010 it was number one and two, respectively. But, as America's increasingly critical assessments of China' s WTO compliance suggests, those trading partners do not always feel like winners. During its relatively brief membership, the world' s second-largest economy has responded to 22 complaints-more than the next three put together.

C

The WTO Secretariat's China Trade Policy Review 2010 had the following summary. At a time of heightened trade tensions around the world as governments manage the economic consequences of last year' s global recession and 12 percent drop in world trade flows, this Trade Policy Review (TPR) of China has highlighted the valuable role that the WTO' s TPR Mechanism plays by increasing transparency, encouraging consultation and cooperation among WTO Members, and helping to avoid misunderstandings and, ultimately, trade disputes when trade frictions arise.

A well-functioning multilateral trading system has contributed considerably to China's sustainable economic growth and development. The global recession had a substantial adverse impact on China's economy as external demand fell sharply from the end of 2008.

The Government' s response of expansionary fiscal and monetary policies, including a Y4 trillion (1334 of 2008 GDP) stimulus package, helped China's economic growth to rebound in 2009 and made an important contribution to global recovery elsewhere, particularly in the Asia region.

D

The global economic crisis has reinforced China's determination to transform.its pattern of economic development, including through structural diversification, improving the functioning of the domestic capital market and strengthening social safety nets for the population. Looking ahead, as the Government pursues policies to increase the role of domestic demand in underwriting China' s growth and to encourage the expansion of the services sector, further liberalization of the trade and investment regimes is called for to foster competition and achieve more efficient allocation of resources in the economy.

There was widespread recognition of China's constructive role in resisting protectionist pressures and boosting global demand during the recent economic downturn, appreciation for China's stepped-up involvement in South-South trade and its duty-free scheme for imports from least-developed countries, and acknowledgment that China has continued the gradual liberalization of its trade and investment regimes, although several members felt that this had slowed down compared to its pace in earlier years.

Now match the statements (1-7) to the letter (A, B, C or B).

1. The accession to WTO helps China to make its commercial law more internationally viable.

2. The global economic crisis has made China's determination to transform. its pattern of economic development even stronger.

3. China has made efforts to adjust its foreign exchange rate but the western countries are still not satisfied.

4. As part of the stimulus package, Chinese government made the 4 trillion RMB investment decision towards the end of 2008.

5. It is widely recognized that China has enhanced its involvement in South-South trade and imported more goods from least-developed countries duty-free.

6. WTO's Trade Policy Review Mechanism plays a positive role in increasing transparency, encouraging consultation and cooperation among WTO Members.

7. China's entry to the WTO enabled European and American consumers to enjoy inexpensive Chinese goods, but their companies are meeting with more severe competition.

1 think computers ____become more intelligent than humans. I'm sure of it.

A. are going to

B. might

C. probably won't

D.will definitely

There's____ power left in the battery so you'd better plug your laptop in.

A. not many

B not much

C. a few

D enough