我国于（）开始推行国家公务员制度。

How is the intensity of a light expressed in the Light Lists？______.

A.Luminous range

B.Geographic range

C.Nominal range

D.Meteorological range

Which of the following is TRUE of advection fog ().

A.It commonly occurs on coastal waters during cold seasons

B.It moves in a bank or dense cloud

C.It is caused by warmer air moving to a cooler location

D.All of the above

__．

A.For precise navigation in coastal waters

B.By measuring the phase difference of the dots and dashes

C.As an aid to ocean navigation

D.If the vessel is fitted with a special Consol receiver

the water. Blue light, being of short wavelength, is scattered more efficiently than light of longer wavelengths. Although waters of the open ocean are commonly some shade of blue, green water is commonly seen near coasts, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. This is caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are one source of the yellow pigment. Other microscopic plants may color the water brown or brownish-red. Near the shore, silt or sediment in suspension can give water a brownish hue. Outflow of large rivers can often be observed many miles offshore by the coloration of suspended soil particles.

Marine phytoplankton (Greek for "plant wanderers") are microscopic single-celled plants that include diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, green algae, and blue-green algae, among others. The growth of these organisms, which photosynthesize light, depends on a delicate balance of nutrient enrichment via vertical mixing, which is often limited by the availability of nitrogen and light. Diatoms are one-celled plants with patterned glass coverings. Each glass, or silicon dioxide box, is ornamented with species-specific designs, pits, and perforations making them popular with microscopists and, more recently, electron scanning microscopists.

Green water near coastlines is almost always caused by ______.

A．sand color

B．red pigments in coastal waters

C．blue pigment

D．reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life

the water. Blue light, being of short wavelength, is scattered more efficiently than light of longer wavelengths. Although waters of the open ocean are commonly some shade of blue, green water is commonly seen near coasts, especially in tropical or subtropical regions. This is caused by yellow pigments being mixed with blue water. Phytoplankton are one source of the yellow pigment. Other microscopic plants may color the water brown or brownish-red. Near the shore, silt or sediment in suspension can give water a brownish hue. Outflow of large rivers can often be observed many miles offshore by the coloration of suspended soil particles.

Marine phytoplankton (Greek for "plant wanderers") are microscopic single-celled plants that include diatoms, dinoflagellates, coccolithophorids, green algae, and blue-green algae, among others. The growth of these organisms, which photosynthesize light, depends on a delicate balance of nutrient enrichment via vertical mixing, which is often limited by the availability of nitrogen and light. Diatoms are one-celled plants with patterned glass coverings. Each glass, or silicon dioxide box, is ornamented with species-specific designs, pits, and perforations making them popular with microscopists and, more recently, electron scanning microscopists.

Green water near coastlines is almost always caused by ______.

A．sand color

B．red pigments in coastal waters

C．blue pigment

D．reflected light and yellow pigment from plant life

rs, inland waters and coastal areas.

A.Mercator charts / Loran charts

B.Admiralty charts / Routeing charts

C.large scale charts / small scale charts

D.small scale charts / large scale charts

inland waters and coastal areas．

A.Mercator charts／Loran charts

B.Admiralty charts／Routeing charts

C.large scale charts／small scale charts

D.small scale charts／large scale charts

A、The refraction of light near the coastline.

B、The high level of photosynthetic productivity.

C、The presence of large numbers of carnivorous fishes.

D、The turbulence of shallow-water wave action.

istributes ocean organisms. It's planetwide biological disruption that scientists have barely begun to understand.

Dr Carlton -- an oceanographer at Williams College in Williamstown, Mass. -- explains that, at any given moment, "there are several thousand (marine) species (traveling)... in the ballast water of ships." These creatures move from coastal waters where they fit into the local web of life to places where some of them could tear that web apart. This is the larger dimension of the infamous invasion of fish-destroying, pipe- clogging zebra mussels.

Such voracious invaders at least make their presence known. What concerns Carlton and his fellow marine ecologists is the lack of knowledge about the hundreds of alien invaders that quietly enter coastal waters around the world every day. Many of them probably just die out. Some benignly -- or even beneficially -- join the local scene. But some will make trouble.

In one sense, this is an old story. Organisms have ridden ships for centuries. They have clung to hulls and come along with cargo. What's new is the scale and speed of the migrations made possible by the massive volume of ship-ballast water -- taken in to provide ship stability -- continuously moving around the world...

Ships load up with ballast water and its inhabitants in coastal waters of one port and dump the ballast in another port that may be thousands of kilometers away. A single load can run to hundreds of gallons. Some larger ships take on as much as 40 million gallons. The creatures that come along tend to be in their larva freefloating stage. When discharged in alien waters they can mature into crabs, jellyfish, slugs, and many other forms.

Since the problem involves coastal species, simply banning ballast dumps in coastal waters would, in theory, solve it. Coastal organisms in ballast water that is flushed into midocean would not survive. Such a ban has worked for North American Inland Waterway. But it would be hard to enforce it worldwide. Heating ballast water or straining it should also halt the species spread. But before any such worldwide regulations were imposed, scientists would need a clearer view of what is going on.

The continuous shuffling of marine organisms has changed the biology of the sea on a global scale. It can have devastating effects as in the case of the American comb jellyfish that recently invaded the Black Sea. It has destroyed that sea's anchovy fishery by eating anchovy eggs. It may soon spread to western and northern European waters.

The maritime nations that created the biological "conveyor belt" should support a coordinated international effort to find out what is going on and what should be done about it.

According to Dr Carlton, ocean organisms are

A．being moved to new environments.

B．destroying the planet.

C．succumbing to the zebra mussel.

D．developing alien characteristics.

完善下面程序下划线的地方，实现排序： def insert_sort(lists): for i in range(len(lists)): position=i while position>0: lists[position],lists[position-1]=lists[position-1],lists[position] position-=1 print(lists) return lists