market where no single buyer or seller can influence the price is

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第1题

Where there is no law, there can be no crimes. The first question, therefore, is: Are there any international crimes? And the answer is No--for several reasons.

In the first place, there is no body of international law explaining what is meant by international crimes. Secondly, national laws are only useful within a particular country, However, efforts have been made to have certain actions internationally recognized as crimes. It has been accepted by the countries which have joined Interpol ( 国际刑警组织) that any crime which has an international effect should be considered an international crime.

This can be shown clearly by a recent case in India. An Englishman, pretending that he was a reporter of a leading British daily, canto to India. He showed great interest in the jewelry markets of Delhi and later bought a very expensive gold watch and a couple of gold rings.

One shopkeeper, eager to sell his jewellery, willingly made a deal with him for 22,000 rupees; the only difficulty was the way of payment. The foreigner gave two cheques drawn on the Bangkok branch of the Bank of America, which the shopkeeper accepted, admiring the customer's wealth. The foreigner had, however, given worthless cheques and lost no time in leaving the country with his precious possessions.

The cheques were refused by the bank. The shopkeeper went to the Indian office of Interpol. Interpol. Delhi, on request from the police, quickly got in touch with Interpol, London, and learnt that the international criminal had been caught there for crimes of stealing as well as for giving valueless cheques.

It came to light that he had been related to 27 similar crimes, Interpol asked Britain to send him to Delhi and he was then put into prison and fined 2,000 rupees.

The underlined word "body" (Line 1, Para. 2) in the text means " ______".

A．the article in a law

B．the actual existence

C．people in an organization

D．main part of something

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第2题

Which of the statements is true?

A．The stockholder can sell his stock to anywhere at anytime.

B．There were no stock exchange in England in the 1700's.

C．The price of stock is not stable.

D．The stockbrokers do the transaction without charging for the stockholders.

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第3题

Scientists researching hypnosis have uncovered evidence that counters

some of the skepticism about the technique. One skeptical hypothesis is that

hypnosis may be the product of "vivid imagination", a now discredited charge

Line stemming from the observation that many people who are hypnotizable can be

(5) led to experience compellingly realistic auditory and visual hallucinations.

Noting that an auditory hallucination and the act of imagining a sound are both

self-generated and that, like real hearing, a hallucination is experienced as the

product of an external source, Henry Szechtman used PET (positron emission

tomography) to image the brain activity of hypnotized subjects invited to

(10) imagine a scenario and then experiencing a hallucination. By monitoring

regional blood flow in areas activated during both hearing and auditory

hallucination but not during simple imagining, the investigators sought to

determine where in the brain a hallucinated sound is mistakenly "tagged" as

authentic and originating in the outside world.

(15) Szechtman imaged the brain activity of eight very hypnotizable subjects

who had been prescreened for their ability to hallucinate under hypnosis. During

the session, the subjects were under hypnosis and lay in the PET scanner with

their eyes covered, their brain activity being monitored under four conditions:

at rest; while hearing an audiotape of a voice, while imagining hearing the voice

(20) again; and during the auditory hallucination they experienced after being

informed that the tape was playing once more, although it was not. The tests

suggested that a region of the brain called the right anterior cingulate cortex

was just as active while the volunteers were hallucinating as it was while they

were actually hearing the stimulus. In contrast, that brain area remained

(25) dormant while the subjects were imagining that they heard the stimulus.

The second major objection raised by critics argues that hypnosis' ability to

blunt pain results from either simple relaxation or a placebo response.

McGlashan established that while hypnosis was only as effective in reducing pain

as a sugar pill for poorly hypnotizable people, highly hypnotizable subjects

(30) benefited three times more from hypnosis than from the placebo. In response to

these successes, Rainville devised experiments to determine which brain

structures are involved in pain relief during hypnosis, attempting to locate the

brain structures associated with the suffering component of pain, as distinct

from its sensory aspects. Using PET, he and other scientists found that

(35) hypnosis reduced the activity of the anterior cingulate cortex-an area known to

be involved in pain-but did not affect the activity of the somatosensory cortex,

where the sensations of pain are processed.

Despite the value of these findings, the mechanisms underlying hypnotic

pain relief are still poorly understood. The model favored by most researchers is

(40) that the analgesic effect of hypnosis occurs in higher brain centers than those

involved in registering the painful sensation, accounting for the fact that most

A．The high level of realism involved in auditory hallucinations but not in the experience of external sounds

B．The fact that both auditory hallucinations and simple imagining are generated by the research subject

C．The observed similarities between visual and auditory hallucinations in hypnotized subjects

D．The blood flow in areas activated by simple imagining but not by auditory hallucination

E．The tendency of the hallucinating brain to behave much like the brain at rest and unexposed to auditory stimulus

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第4题

Isn't it amazing how one person, sharing one idea, at the right time and place can change the course of your life's history? This is certainly what happened in my life. When I was 14, I was hitchhiking from Houston, Texas, through El Paso on my way to California. I was following my dream, journeying with the sun. I was a high school dropout with learning disabilities and was set on surfing the biggest waves in the world, first in California and then in Hawaii, where I would later live.

Upon reaching downtown El Paso, I met an old man, a bum, on the street comer. He saw me walking, stopped me and questioned me as I passed by. He asked me if I was running away from home, I suppose because I looked so young. I told him, "Not exactly, sir," since my father had given me a ride to the freeway in Houston and given me his blessings while saying, "It is important to follow your dream and what is in your heart, son."

The bum then asked me if he could buy me a cup of coffee. I told him, "No, sir, but a soda would be great." We walked to a comer malt shop and sat down on a couple of swiveling stools while we enjoyed our drinks.

After conversing for a few minutes, the friendly bum told me to follow him, He told me that he had something grand to show me and share with me. We walked a couple of blocks until we came upon the downtown El Paso Public Library.

We walked up its front steps and stopped at a small information stand. Here the bum spoke to a smiling odl lady, and asked her if she would be kind enough to watch my things for a moment while he and I entered the library. I left my belongings with this grandmotherly figure and entered into this magnificent hall of learning.

The bum first led me to a table and asked me to sit down and wait for a moment while he looked for something special amongst the shelves. A few moments later, he returned with a couple of old books under his arms and set them on the table. He then sat down beside me and spoke. He started with a few statements that were very special and that changed my life. He said, "There are two things that I want to teach you, young man, and they are these: "number one is to never judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you." He followed with, "I bet you think I'm a bum, don't you, young man?"

I said, "Well, uh, yes, I guess so, sir."

"Well, young man, I've got a little surprise for you. I am one of the wealthiest men in the world. I have probably everything any man could ever want. I originally come from the Northeast and have all the things that money can buy. But a year ago, my wife passed away, bless her soul, and since then I have been deeply reflecting upon life. I realized there were certain things I had not yet experienced in life, one of which was what it would be like to live like a bum on the streets. I made a commitment to myself to do exactly that for one year. For the past year, I have been going from city to city doing just that. So, you see, don't ever judge a book by its cover, for a cover can fool you."

"Number two is to learn how to read, my boy, for there is only one thing that people can't take away from you, and that is your wisdom." At that moment, he reached forward, grabbed my right hand in his and put them upon the books he'd pulled from the shelves. They were the writings of Plato and Aristotle -- immortal classics from ancient times.

The bum then led me back past the smiling old woman near the entrance, down the steps and back on the streets near where we first met. His parting request was for me to never forget what he taught me.

We can infer from the passage that at 14, the author ______.

A．did not do well in his study

B．did not like his mother

C．planned to live in California all his life

D．did not like his life in Huston

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第5题

There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. There is nothing out of the ordinary in haggling; some shopkeepers expect you to and will be surprised if you accept their prices immediately. We know that the prices in some stores are a bit higher than those in Change Alley, but we also realize that to keep a store like Robinson's is by no means cheap. Besides, in such places we shop in air-conditioned (空调) com-fort. For all these, we pay a little extra.

It is not always true to say that things in Change Alley cost less. I once bought a Czechoslo-vakian glass butter-dish from Robinson's for a little under two dollars. I then went on to Change Al-ley and just by chance saw an article of the same shape, design and size, in one of the shops. I then asked about its price, and was surprised when the man demanded more than four dollars for it. "How much can you offer?" he shouted at me. I offered him exactly the same price I paid for the article and his reply was shockingly rude (粗鲁). I opened my bag, showed him my receipt, stared at him and walked out of his shop.

A buyer in England expects to find the price of goods clearly shown, or, to be told exactly what the price is. He knows this is the lowest price that will be accepted. If he thinks the price is be- yond what he can afford, he shrugs (耸耸) his shoulders and walks away. He does not attempt to bargain with the shopkeeper. Even if he showed annoyance or surprise, he would expect to be told that if the price was unacceptable, he should try elsewhere.

The underlined word "haggling" ( line 2, para. 1 ) in the text most probably means______.

A．accepting the prices immediately

B．fixing the right cost for some goods

C．arguing about the price of something

D．paying extra for comfortable shopping

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第6题

There are stock markets(股票市场) in large cities in many countries. The stock exchange is a place where people can buy or sell shares of a factory or company. And each share means certain ownership of a factory or company.

Different people go to stock markets. Some are rich, who want to get more money than they have. Others are not very rich, who buy stocks to try to become rich. Still others buy stocks as part of their plan to save money.

Of course, investing(投资) money in the stock market is not the safest way to make money. No one can tell exactly whether the shares will be doing well. The factory or company may do badly. Then the stocks will go down, and the investors will lose money. The stock may go up or down for a number of untold reasons. Everyone wants the stock to go up, but sometimes even if a factory or company does a good job, the stock may still go down.

No wonder going to the stock market is often compared to gambling (赌博). Factories and companies that need money are pleased that so many people are willing to "gamble". Indeed, the stock market is an attractive and complex part of the business world.

If you are a good investor, ______in the stock market.

A．you can always make money

B．you can tell exactly when the stock goes up or down

C．you may sometimes lose money

D．your gambling is always safe

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第7题

There are stock markets in large cities in many countries. Stock markets in Paris, London, Tokyo, Shanghai and New York are among the largest and most well-known. The stock market, also called stock exchange, is a place where people can buy or sell shares of a factory or a company. And each share means certain ownership of a factory or a company.

Different people go to stock markets. Some are rich, who want to get more money than they have. Others are not rich, who buy stocks and try to become rich. Still others buy stocks as part of their plan to save money. Of course, investing money in the stock market is not the safest way to make money. No one can tell exactly whether the shares will be doing well. The factory or the company may do badly. Then the stocks will go down, and investors will lose money. The stock may go up or down for a number of untold reasons. Everyone wants the stock go up, but sometimes even if a factory or company does a good job, the stock may still go down.

No wonder going to the stock market is often compared to gambling (赌博) . All are anxious to make money by "gambling" in the stock market. Factories and companies that need money are pleased that so many people are willing to "gamble".

According to the passage, if you have a share of a company or a factory, it means that you______.

A．can buy the company or the factory

B．can sell the company or the factory

C．will become the owner of the company or the factory

D．are one of the owners of the company or the factory

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