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The last part of the body of the letter : Sign off your email with a polite close, such as "Best" or "Sincerely," followed by your name.

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第1题

听力原文： Let's begin today by discussing enzymes. Enzymes are what make many of the body's biochemical reactions possible. Actually biochemical reactions can take place without them, but at much lower rates. In fact an enzyme may cause a reaction to proceed billions of times faster than it would otherwise. Before I go on to the biochemical specifics of how this works, let me provide a figurative example. I think it will help illustrate the power of enzymes more clearly. Now, suppose you got a bag and you put a bunch of locks in it, just small padlocks. Then you put in all the keys that go with the locks. And you closed the bag and shook it hard. No matter how long you shook, chances are very small that any key would get inserted in any of the locks. But if you took them all out of the bag and this time used your hands to insert the keys in the locks, you could combine them much quicker.

Enzymes act like your hands, quickly allowing chemical reactions that would otherwise take much longer. Now, there are 2 reasons that enzymes are so effective at enabling biochemical reactions. Firs enzymes greatly reduce the amount of energy required to start the reactions, and with less energy needed the reactions can proceed a lot faster than they, could without the enzyme. The second mason is that on a small amount of an enzyme is needed to enable the biochemical reaction. That's because the chemical structure of the enzyme itself does not become altered as if enables the reaction. So a single enzyme can be used to start the same biochemical reaction over and over again.

(43)

A．The impact of enzymes on chemical reactions.

B．The way the body produces enzymes.

C．The structure of enzymes.

D．Types of chemical products created with enzymes.

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第2题

Part B Listening Comprehension

Directions: In this part of the test there will be some short talks and conversations. After each one, you will be asked some questions. The talks, conversations and questions will be spoken ONLY ONCE. Now listen carefully and choose the right answer to each question you have heard and write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

听力原文：W: I finished the stories about Columbus last time. Now I would like to give you some details about the most truly American national holiday in the United States.

M: Is it Christmas?

W: No. Christmas is not a typical American holiday, but the holiday I'm talking here is closely connected with the earliest history of the country and it was first celebrated in 1621 by English settlers.

M: By English settlers? Why not native Indians?

W: Well, the settlers, or Pilgrims, fled from their native England to Holland in order to escape the religious persecution. In 1620, they sailed to America on the Mayflower, seeking a place where they could have freedom of worship. Storms forced them to sail away their original destination, Jamestown in Virginia. And after a two-month voyage they landed at Plymouth, Massachusetts, in icy November.

M: I once read that during the first winter, over half of the settlers died of starvation or epidemics.

W: True enough. Those who survived began sowing in the first spring. Luckily, a friendly Indian called Squanto taught them how to plant the corn and how to fertilize the soil.

M: So after the harvests in autumn, did the Pilgrims invite the Indians nearby to a meal for their help and friendship?

W: Yes, but to be more accurate, a thanksgiving feast.

M: I see, a day for giving thanks. Then on which day is it celebrated?

W: At that time, the Pilgrims objected to fixing the celebration by calendar. George Washington, the Public's first president, set Thursday, November 26, 1789, as the first national Thanksgiving Day. Even so, the controversy continued over the date of Thanksgiving. And since Lincoln's time, the celebration of Thanksgiving Day has been observed on the fourth Thursday of November until today.

M: What do we usually do on Thanksgiving Day?

W: The pattern has never changed through the years. Usually a family journey or a big family dinner is planned for the annual reunion. On the dinner table, you can find apples, oranges, chestnuts, plum puddings, mince pie, squash and so on. And the best and most attractive among them are roast turkey and pumpkin pie.

M: My mouth is watering now, Mrs. Brown. They have been the most traditional and also my favorite food on Thanksgiving Day. My mum cooks the same as the Americans on that day though we're not native.

Questions:

1. What did the woman most probably talk about last time?

2.Where was Thanksgiving Day first celebrated?

3.When was Thanksgiving Day set as a national day for the first time in American history?

4.What is the common pattern of celebrating Thanksgiving Day according to this conversation?

5.What can be inferred from the conversation?

(21)

A．Christmas.

B．Columbus.

C．Thanksgiving.

D．Halloween.

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第3题

Statements

Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear several short statements. These statements will be spoken ONLY ONCE, and you will not find them written on the paper, so you must listen carefully. When you hear a statement, read the answer choices and decide which one is closest in meaning to the statement you have heard. Then write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET.

听力原文：Mrs Jones came to meet us at the airport. We thought she was the secretary, but she turned out to be the president of the company.

(21)

A．We were met by the head of the company at the airport.

B．We knew Mrs. Jones was the president of the company.

C．Mrs. Jones used to be the secretary of the company.

D．Mrs. Jones came to see us off at the airport.

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第4题

Statements

听力原文：Mrs Jones came to meet us at the airport. We thought she was the secretary, but she turned out to be the president of the company.

(21)

A．We were met by the head of the company at the airport.

B．We knew Mrs. Jones was the president of the company.

C．Mrs. Jones used to be the secretary of the company.

D．Mrs. Jones came to see us off at the airport.

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第5题

Statements

听力原文：It was a busy morning. After nearly five intense hours, all the clerks had a break in office, so did the general manager. He rested himself in his armchair.

(21)

A．The rest of the chairs were the manager's.

B．There's no harm in sitting down.

C．The manager carried his chair with the others.

D．The manager relaxed in his chair.

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第6题

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

The physicians in a hospital form. the core of the medical staff. But they couldn't provide effective medical care to their patients without the help of numerous other medical employees. Form. the viewpoint of the patients, the nursing staff is particularly important. Nurses are usually in close contact with patients as long as they are in the hospital.

A nurse does not study for as many years as a doctor. However, each must be equally dedicated. Caring for sick persons requires a great deal of patience and concern. Most nurses work long days, and they often must work at odd hours or during the night. Under the supervision of the head nurse, the nursing staff must provide nursing services on a 24-hour basis and attend' to patients' needs. This responsibility continues around the clock, and so nurses must work in shifts. A shift is a period of duty, usually eight in length. The nurses on the ward rotate their shifts. All of them work out of a central area on the ward called the nurses' station.

A nurse must always be alert. She can never afford to be careless. This is true in all nursing situation, but it is especially true in the intensive care unit. Patients under intensive care are

critically ill, and they must be monitored at all times. The nurses who do intensive care duty have one of the most demanding jobs in the hospital.

Serving as a nurse can be a very rewarding job. But it is not an easy one. Not every person is suited to become a nurse. Only very dedicated people have chosen nursing as a profession.

The nursing staff______.

A．are central to the medical staff

B．played an important role in caring for patients

C．can work effectively without physicians

D．are always in close contact with the patients

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第7题

How to approach Writing Test Part Two

?Part Two counts for two thirds of the total marks in the Writing Test.

?You should spend about 30 minutes on Part Two.

?You will be asked to write a report, proposal or piece of business correspondence.

?You will be given information, such as a letter, advertisement, or charts and graphs, as the starting point for your answer, and will be told who to write to.

?About five 'handwritten' notes will also be given. You must use all these notes when writing your answer, and will need to invent information in connection with some of them. If you leave out any of the five notes, you will lose marks.

Planning

?Read the instructions carefully so that you know what do, and underline the key words.

?Make an outline plan, putting the five notes into a suitable order.

Writing

?Start your answer by briefly saying why you are writing.

?Express your ideas clearly.

?Try to use a wide range of appropriate vocabulary and grammatical structures.

?For a piece of business correspondence, include suitable openings and closings (e.g. Dear Ms Smith and Yours sincerely with your signature), but no addresses.

?Do not present a report or proposal in the form. of a letter.

?Make the formality of the language suitable for the reader(s).

Checking

?After writing, read what you have written, correct mistakes and make improvements. If you want to add anything, use a sign, e.g. *. Put a line through anything you want to omit. Don't rewrite the whole of your answer.

?Hake sure the examiner will be able to read your answer. Use a pen and your normal handwriting (do not write in capital letters).

?Check that you have written your answer in 120 140 words.

?You work for a small chain of clothing stores. The Managing Director has asked you to write a short report on last month's performance.

?Look at the charts and table below, on which you have already made some handwritten notes.

?Then, using all your handwritten notes, write the report for your Managing Director

?Write 120- 140 words.

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第8题

Part A

Directions: Read the following three texts. Answer the questions on each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Medicine comes in many forms. In its liquid form, medicine affects the body very quickly. But the effects of liquid medicine arch' t usually long-lasting. This is why pills and capsules (胶囊) are also used.

The pills and capsules being sold today arch' t perfect, either. Pills dissolve in the stomach. The medicine in the pills is released when the pills dissolve. But often, the pills dissolve too quickly.

Scientists have been trying to develop a pill that can release medicine slowly over a long period of time. They have applied their knowledge of plants to produce the "osmotic (渗透的) pump pill".

The cell walls of plants are made of cellulose (纤维素). Cellulose is a very porous substance. Their holes are big enough to allow water through the cell walls. As water enters a cell, pressure builds up in the cell. The pressure pumps other substances out of the cell. These substances leave the cell through the cellulose wall. This slow, steady process is called osmosis.

The osmotic pump pill is coated with synthetic cellulose. Liquid medicine is contained in the pill. The holes in the cellulose coating of the pill are big enough to allow water in the pill. As water from the body enters the pill, pressure builds up in the pill. The medicine is then slowly pumped out of the pill.

The passage implies that the osmotic pump pill is better than other pills and capsules because______.

A．it releases medicine slowly over a long period of time

B．it helps to build pressure in the body

C．the medicine in the pill can affect the body quickly

D．the coating doesn't dissolve in the stomach

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第9题

Part A

Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D . Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.

Greenspace facilities are contributing to an important extent to the quality of the urban environment. Fortunately it is no longer necessary that every lecture or every book about this subject bas to start with the proof of this idem At present it is generally accepted, although more as a self-evident statement than on the base of a closely-reasoned scientific proof. The recognition of the importance of greenspace in the urban environment is a first step on the fight way, this does not mean, however, that sufficient details are known about the functions of greenspace in towns and about the way in which the inhabitants are using these spaces. As to this rather complex subject I shall, within the scope of this lecture, enter into one aspect only, namely the re-creative function of greenspace facilities.

The theoretical separation of living, working, traffic and recreation which for many years has been used in town and country planning, has in my opinion resulted in disproportionate attention for forms of recreation far from home, whereas there was relatively little attention for improvement of recreative possibilities in the direct neighbourhood of the home. We have come to the conclusion that this is not right, because an important part of the time which we do not pass in sleeping or working, is used for activities at and around home. So it is obvious that recreation in the open air has to begin at the street-door of the house. The urban environment has to offer as many recreation activities as possible, and the design of these has to be such that more obligatory activities can also have a recreative aspect.

The very best standard of living is nothing if it is not possible to take a pleasant walk in the district, if the children cannot be allowed to play in the streets because the risks of traffic are too great, if during shopping you can nowhere find a spot of enjoying for a moment the nice weather, in short, if you only feel yourself at home after the street-door of your house is closed after you.

According to the author, the importance of greenspace in the urban environment ______.

A．is still unknown

B．is being Closely studied

C．is usually neglected

D．has been widely accepted

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