A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第1题
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第2题
What damage do we know for sure is human activity doing to the environment?
A.Global warming.
B.Ozone depletion.
C.Species extinction.
D.All of the above.
第3题
Scientists predict increasing droughts, floods and extreme weather and say there is growing evidence that human activities are to blame.
What Is Climate Change?
The planet's climate is constantly changing. The global average temperature is currently in the region of 15℃. Geological and other evidence suggests that, in the past, this average may have been as high as 27℃ and as low as 7℃.
But scientists are concerned that the natural fluctuation (波动) has been overtaken by a rapid human-induced warming that has serious implications for the stability of the climate on which much life on the planet depends.
What Is the "Greenhouse Effect"?
The greenhouse effect refers to the role played by gases which effectively trap energy from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. Without them, the planet would be too cold to sustain life as we know it.
The most important of these gases in the natural greenhouse effect is water vapor, but concentrations of that are changing little and it plays almost no role in modern human-induced greenhouse warming.
Other greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷) and nitrous (含氮的) oxide, which arc released by modern industry, agriculture and the burning of fossil fuels. Their concentration in the atmosphere is increasing-the concentration of carbon dioxide has risen by more than 30% since 1800.
The majority of climate scientists accept the theory that an increase in these gases will cause a rise in the Earth's temperature.
What Is the Evidence of Warming?
Temperature records go back to the late 19th century and show that the global average temperature increased by about 0.6℃ in the 20th century.
Sea levels have risen 10~20 cm-thought to be caused mainly by the expansion of warming oceans.
Most glaciers in temperate regions of the world and along the Antarctic Peninsula are in retreat, and records show Arctic sea-ice has thinned by 40% in recent decades in summer and autumn.
There are anomalies (异常) however-parts of the Antarctic appear to be getting colder, and there are discrepancies between trends in surface temperatures and those in the troposphere(对流层) (the lower portion of the atmosphere).
How Much Will Temperatures Rise?
If nothing is done to reduce emissions, current climate models predict a global temperature increase of 1.4~5.8℃ by 2100.
Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions dramatically now, scientists say the effects would continue because parts of the climate system, particularly large bodies of water and ice, can take hundreds of years to respond to changes in temperature. It also takes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decades to break down.
It is possible that we have already irrevocably(不可撤回地) committed the Greenland ice sheet to melting, which would cause an estimated 7m rise in sea level. There are also indications that the west Antarctic ice sheet may have begun to melt, though scientists caution further research is necessary.
How Will the Weather Change?
Globally, we can expect more extreme weather events, with heat waves becoming hotter and more frequent. Scientists predict more rainfall overall, but say the risk of drought in inland areas during hot summers will increase. More flooding is expected from storms and rising sea levels.
There are, however, likely to be very strong regional variations in these patterns, and these are difficult to predict.
What Will the Effects Be?
The potential impact is huge, with predicted freshwater shortages, sweeping changes in food production conditions, and increases in deaths from floods, storms, heat waves and droughts. Poorer countries, which are least equipped to deal with rapid change, will suffer most.
Plant and animal ex
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第4题
Scientists predict increasing droughts, floods and extreme weather and say there is growing evidence that human activities are to blame.
What Is Climate Change?
The planet's climate is constantly changing. The global average temperature is currently in the region of 15℃. Geological and other evidence suggests that, in the past, this average may have been as high as 27℃ and as low as 7℃.
But scientists are concerned that the natural fluctuation (波动) has been overtaken by a rapid human-induced warming that has serious implications for the stability of the climate on which much life on the planet depends.
What Is the "Greenhouse Effect"?
The greenhouse effect refers to the role played by gases which effectively trap energy from the Sun in the Earth's atmosphere. Without them, the planet would be too cold to sustain life as we know it.
The most important of these gases in the natural greenhouse effect is water vapor, but concentrations of that are changing little and it plays almost no role in modem human-induced greenhouse warming.
Other greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷) and nitrous (含氮的) oxide, which are released by modern industry, agriculture and the burning of fossil fuels. Their concentration in the atmosphere is increasing—the concentration of carbon dioxide has risen by more than 30% since 1800.
The majority of climate scientists accept the theory that an increase in these gases will cause a rise in the Earth's temperature.
What Is the Evidence of Warming?
Temperature records go back to the late 19th century and show that the global average temperature increased by about 0.6℃ in the 20th century.
Sea levels have risen 10~20 cm—thought to be caused mainly by the expansion of warming oceans.
Most glaciers in temperate regions of the world and along the Antarctic Peninsula are in retreat, and records show Arctic sea-ice has thinned by 40% in recent decades in summer and autumn.
There are anomalies (异常) however—parts of. the Antarctic appear to be getting colder, and there are discrepancies between trends in surface temperatures and those in the troposphere(对流层) (the lower portion of the atmosphere).
How Much Will Temperatures Rise?
If nothing is done to reduce emissions, current climate models predict a global temperature increase of 1.4~5.8℃ by 2100.
Even if we cut greenhouse gas emissions dramatically now, scientists say the effects would continue because parts of the climate system, particularly large bodies of water and ice, can take hundreds of years to respond to changes in temperature. It also takes greenhouse gases in the atmosphere decades to break down.
It is possible that we have already irrevocably(不可撤回地) committed the Greenland ice sheet to melting, which would cause an estimated 7m rise in sea level. There are also indications that the west Antarctic ice sheet may have begun to melt. though scientists caution further research is necessary.
How Will the Weather Change?
Globally, we can expect more extreme weather events, with heat waves becoming hotter and more frequent. Scientists predict more rainfall overall, but say the risk of thought in inland areas during hot summers will increase. More flooding is expected from storms and rising sea levels.
There are, however, likely to be very strong regional variations in these patterns, and these ere difficult to predict.
What Will the Effects Be?
The potential impact is huge, with predicted freshwater shortages, sweeping changes in food production conditions, and increases in deaths from floods, storms, heat waves and droughts. Poorer countries, which are least equipped to deal with rapid change, will suffer most.
Plant and animal extinctions are predicte
A.Y
B.N
C.NG
第5题
A.Teachers play the most important role in this activity.
B.Both teachers and students are important in this activity.
C.Students play a more important role than teachers do.
D.Students have to prepare well and talk as much as possible.
第6题
A) the importance of educational changes
B) activities that competed to attract new
C) immigrants to their programs
D) the increased impact of public schools on students
第7题
•Choose the best word from below to fill each gap.
•For each question 21—30, mark one letter (A, B, C or D).
Hurtling as we are towards the new millennium, with all the social changes this iconic date implies, it is increasingly apparent (21) the world of business is experiencing fundamental shifts. Today, both companies and schools are increasingly aware that business is a human activity; it's ultimately (22) and about people.
In future, employers will (23) doubt demand more rounded individuals to run their operations, which naturally creates a question for the next generation of students, "Is the classic MBA still the model—and obligatory—passage toward that ideal career?"
The Masters of Business Administration (MBA), the best-known business school label, is an introduction to general management. The traditional MBA, Harvard-style, has remained largely unaltered (24) the 1950s, and seeks to provide a thorough knowledge of business functions through the case study—a(n) (25) incidentally borrowed from law school.
The trouble is that the real world is not a theoretical exercise. The problems managers face today are messy, and, if anything, are becoming messier, neither fitting in neat functional boxes nor (26) one simple answer. Ambiguity is the hardest (27) to manage, but it's the one most managers are wrestling with.
"Management is more art than science," observes Richard D'Aveni, professor of strategic management at Dartmouth's Amos Tuck School of Business Administration. "No one can say with certainty which decisions will bring the most (28) , any more than they can create instructions over (29) to sculpt a masterpiece. You just have to feel it as it goes."
John Quelch is another business-school insider who detects the limitations of the traditional syllabus. According to Quelch, leadership is an area that b-schools have not fully addressed. It is notoriously hard to teach, (30) programs do have the capacity to provide a grounding in non-business areas and personal growth.
(21)
A.which
B.that
C.how
D.why
第8题
A.the importance of educational changes
B.activities that competed to attract new
C.immigrants to their programs
D.the increased impact of public schools on students
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