After integration testing, （) should be performed in the next phase.

A. Testing the backup and recovery procedures

B. Testing the upgrade of an Oracle database to a new release

C. Testing the effect of an application changes on database performance

D. Continuously updating archive log files from the target database to support failover

A. Testing the backup and recovery procedures

B. Testing the upgrade of an Oracle database to a new release

C. Testing the effect of an application changes on database performance

D. Continuously updating archive log files from the target database to support failover

● Many of the activities performed during the preliminary investigation are still being conducted in （71） , but in much greater depth than before. During this phase, the analyst must become fully aware of the （72） and must develop enough knowledge about the （73） and the existing systems to enable an effective solution to be proposed and implemented. Besides the （74） for process and data of current system, the deliverable from this phase also includes the （75） for the proposed system.

（71）

A. analysis phase

B. design phase

C. implementation phase

D. maintenance phase

（72）

A. main symptom

B. root problem

C. final blueprint

D. data specification

（73）

A. hardware environment

B. testing environment

C. software environment

D. business environment

（74）

A. logical models

B. physical models

C. design models

D. implementation models

（75）

A. hardware and software specification

B. system performance specification

C. formal requirements definition

D. general problem statement

Unit Testing and Component Testing --A software unit

represents a small unit of software of functionality. 【S1】______

Because a unit typically is the work of one programmer. 【S2】______

That unit Testing focuses on the programming logic within the 【S3】______

unit, while that ignoring the interaction with other components. 【S4】______

Called components are replaced with stubs, simulators, or with 【S5】______

trusted components and calling components are replaced with 【S6】______

drivers or trusted super-components.

A software component is in the integration of one or more software 【S7】______

units. Though it performs one or many meaningful tasks. 【S8】______

Component testing is similar to unit testing but where the 【S9】______

interaction is with other components but not stubs or simulators. 【S10】______

Unit and component testing are usually performed by software 【S11】______

developers. If the development of a component involves one

developer, as unit testing and component testing are combined. 【S12】______

Which______ need NOT be entered in the Official Logbook?

A.The testing of the internal combustion engine driven emergency generators at least once each month the vessel is navigated

B.The testing of storage batteries for emergency lighting and power systems once each 6 months the vessel is navigated

C.The actual draft when the vessel arrives in salt water after departing a port

D.The testing of the line-throwing appliance once every 3 months

______ of the following need NOT be entered in the Official Logbook？ _______.

A.The testing of the internal combustion engine driven emergency generators at least once each month the vessel is navigated

B.The testing of storage batteries for emergency lighting and power systems once each 6 months the vessel is navigated．

C.The actual draft when the vessel arrives in salt water after departing a port

D.The testing of the line-throwing appliance once every 3 months

White box testing of software testing is a test for software structure. Which of the following item should not be included in the content of white box?(75).

A．boundary value analysis

B．statement testing

C．branch testing

D．path testing

White box testing of software testing is a test for software structurE.Which of the following item should not be included in the content of white box?

A．boundary value analysis

B．statement testing

C．branch testing

D．path testing

Testing Times

Researchers are working on ways to reduce the need for animal experiments, but new laws may increase the number of experiments needed.

The current situation

In an ideal world, people would not perform. experiments on animals. For the people, they are expensive. For the animals, they are stressful and often painful.

That ideal world, sadly, is still some way away. People need new drugs and vaccines. They want protection from the toxicity of chemicals. The search for basic scientific answers goes on. Indeed, the European Commission is forging ahead with proposals that will increase the number of animal experiments carried out in the European Union, by requiring toxicity tests on every chemical approved for use within the union's borders in the past 25 years.

Already, the commission has identified 140,000 chemicals that have not yet been tested. It wants 30,000 of these to be examined right away, and plans to spend between ~ 4 billion — 8 billion ($5 billion—10 billion) doing so. The number of animals used for toxicity testing in Europe will thus, experts reckon, quintuple (翻五倍) from just over lm a year to about 5m, unless they are saved by some dramatic advances in non-animal testing technology. At the moment, roughly 10% of European animal tests are for general toxicity, 35% for basic research, 45% for drugs and vaccines, and the remaining 10% a variety of uses such as diagnosing diseases.

Animal experimentation will therefore be around for some time yet. But the search for substitutes continues, and last weekend the Middle European Society for Alternative Methods to Animal Testing met in Linz, Austria, to review progress.

A good place to start finding alternatives for toxicity tests is the liver--the organ responsible for breaking toxic chemicals down into safer molecules that can then be excreted. Two firms, one large and one small, told the meeting how they were using human liver cells removed incidentally during surgery to test various substances for long-term toxic effects.

One way out of the problem

PrimeCyte, the small firm, grows its cells in cultures over a few weeks and doses them regularly with the substance under investigation. The characteristics of the cells are carefully monitored, to look for changes in their microanatomy.

Pfizer, the big firm, also doses its cultures regularly, but rather than studying individual cells in detail, it counts cell numbers. If the number of cells in a culture changes after a sample is added, that suggests the chemical in question is bad for the liver.

In principle, these techniques could be applied to any chemical. In practice, drugs (and, in the case of PrimeCyte, food supplements) are top of the list. But that might change if the commission has its way: those 140,000 screenings look like a lucrative market, although nobody knows whether the new tests will be ready for use by 2009, when the commission proposes that testing should start.

Other tissues, too, can be tested independently of animals. Epithelix, a small firm in Geneva, has developed an artificial version of the lining of the lungs. According to Huang Song, one of Epithelix's researchers, the firm's cultured cells have similar microanatomy to those found in natural lung linings, and respond in the same way to various chemical messengers. Dr. Huang says that they could be used in long-term toxicity tests of airborne chemicals and could also help identify treatments for lung diseases.

The immune system can be mimicked and tested, too. ProBioGen, a company based in Berlin, is developing an artificial human lymph node (淋巴结) which, it reckons, could have prevented the neardisastrous consequences of a drag trial held in Britain three months ago, in which (despite the drag having passed animal tests) six men suffered multiple organ failure and ne

A．Y

B．N

C．NG

● Every valid character in a computer that uses even（66） must always have an even number of 1 bits.

● The maximum number of data that can be expressed by 8 bits is（67） .

● Integration （68） is the process of verifying that the components of a system work together as described in the program design and system design specifications.

● GIF files are limited to a maximum of 8 bits/pixel, it simply means that no more than 256 colors are allowed in （69） .

● Computer （70） is a complex consisting of two or more connected computing units, it is used for the purpose of data communication and resource sharing.

（66）

A. parity

B. check

C. test

D. compare

（67）

A. 64

B. 128

C. 255

D. 256

（68）

A. trying

B. testing

C. checking

D. coding

（69）

A. an image

B. a file

C. a window

D. a page

（70）

A. storage

B. device

C. processor

D. network