7.The impact of examples is enhanced when they are combined with other supporting materials that show the examples to be typical.

When is the best time to start discussing college planning with the kids?

A．When they are about 6 to 8 years old.

B．When they are in junior high school.

C．When they are taking a college prep course.

D．When they are in latter part of middle school.

the study of how words are combined to form. sentences is called ____

A.phonetics

B.morphology

C.syntax

D.semantics

Cars are very popular in America.When the kids are fourteen years old. They dream of having their own ___21___. Many students work after school to buy a car. In most places young people learn to drive in high school. They have to take a ___22___ test to get a licence. Learning to drive and getting a driver's ___23___ may be one of the most exciting things in their lives. For many, that piece of paper is an important symbol that they are now grown-ups.

Americans seem People almost never go to see a doctor when they are ___24___. But they will take their cars to a “hospital”at the smallest sign of a problem. At weekends, people spend most of the time in washing and waxing their cars. For some families it is not enough to have ___25___ car. They often have two or even three. Husbands need a car to go to work. Housewives need a car to go shopping or to take the children to school or other activities.

21.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

22.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

23.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

24.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

25.

A.driving

B.sick

C.cars

D.one

E.licence

Which of the following is true of "non-practising entities"?

A．They are helpful with motivating innovation.

B．They rob the rich companies and assist the poor ones.

C．They increase the costs of patent litigation.

D．They want others to turn their patents into products.

In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at -- a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.

It's a sad reality -- our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings -- because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."

What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?

One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,". We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”

But once we rip off the bandaid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."

18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.

1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record

2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much

3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought

4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign

5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from

6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched

7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed

8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar

9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry

10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn

11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring

12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay

13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation

14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers

15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design

16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride

17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up

18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence

19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas

20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rare

Questions are based on the following passage．

A research led by the University of Sydney has found that people often think otherpeople are stating at them even when they aren"t. When in doubt， the human brain is morelikely to tell its owner that he"s under the gaze of another person.

"Gaze perception——the ability to tell what a person is looking at——is a social cue thatpeople ofen take for granted，" says Professor Colin Clifford from the University"s Schoolof Psychology.

To tell if they"re under someone"s gaze， people look at the position of the otherperson"s eyes and the direction of their heads. These visual cues are then sent to the brainwhere there are specific areas that compute this information.

However， the brain doesn"t just passively receive information from the eyes. Thestudy shows that when people have limited visual cues， such as in dark conditions or whenthe other person is wearing sunglasses， the brain takes over with what it "knows".

The researchers created images of faces and asked people to observe where the faceswere looking. "We made it difficult for the observers to see where the eyes were pointedso they would have to rely on their prior knowledge to judge the faces" direction of gaze，"Professor Clifford explains. "It turns out that we"re likely to believe that others are staringat us， especially when we"re uncertain."

"There are several speculations to why humans have this bias，" Professor Cliffordsays. "Direct gaze can signal dominance or a threat， and if you perceive something as athreat， you would not want to miss it. So assuming that the other person is looking at youmay simply be a safer strategy. Also， direct gaze is often a social cue that the other personwants to communicate with us， so it"s a signal for an upcoming interaction."

"It"s important that we find out whether it"s innate or learned——and how this mightaffect people with certain mental conditions，" Professor Clifford says.

Research has shown， for example， that people who have autism （ 孤独症 ） are lessable to tell whether someone is looking at them. People with social anxiety， on the otherhand， have a higher tendency to think that they are under the stare of others.

"So if it is a learned behaviour， we could help them practice this task——onepossibility is letting them observe a lot of faces with different eyes and head directions，and giving them feedback on whether their observations are accurate."

What can we learn from the research led by the University of Sydney? 查看材料

A.Human brain can tell if its owner is under someone"s gaze.

B.Human brain cannot identify other people"s gaze when in doubt.

C.People in doubt often think they are stared at by others.

D.People tend to stare at others when they are in doubt.

With the rise of mobile and online shopping, shoppers are gainingplenty of convenience — and also taking on extra risks. Hackers are poised tosteal the funds and identities of shoppers who don’t take steps to protectthemselves.

LogRhythm, a cyber security company, points out that because so many people now shop from mobile devices, which are often less protected thancomputers, information technology workers expect a rise in cyber crime thisholiday shopping season. IT workers surveyed by the company said they were mostconcerned with phishing attacks, where hackers pretend to be reputablecompanies and persuade victims to share their personal information, such ascredit card numbers, with them.

One of the most common methods is for a hacker to send an email to avictim claiming to be from a bank, retailer, or other company that then directsthem to another site, which then captures their personal information. (That’sone reason to avoid clicking on hyperlinks from inside emails, even if theyappear to be from a recognizable company.)

To avoid that kind of scam and others, here are the latest tips onhow to stay safe while shopping online:

● Skip attachments and hyperlinks. LogRhythm warns that evenattachments from people you know can be nefarious, since those acquaintancescould be infected with a computer virus themselves. If the email containsunusual or scant wording, don’t open the attachment. The same logic applies tohyperlinks in emails (or requests for information received over text message);LogRhythm recommends first hovering over the link to make sure it’s going todirect you to a valid address.

● Don’t make purchases over coffee shop-lattes. Any public wi-ficonnection, such as those offered at coffee shops or libraries, carry extrarisks, since they aren’t private. LogRhythm recommends against shopping onlineor engaging in any financial transactions, such as logging into your bankaccount, from such hot spots.

● Protectyour smartphone. Web browsers and retailer apps on mobile devices make it easyto shop on the go, but doing so can also expose shoppers to extra risks sincemany phones don’t have the same kind of data encryption that’s often installedon computers. Even taking a relatively simple step, such as enabling thepassword lock feature on your phone, will make it harder for a thief to accessprivate data stored on the phone in case it’s lost or stolen. Computer securitycompany McAfee also warns against downloading apps that might steal personalinformation. (to be continued)

●Don’t trust your “friends”. Hackers target social media, includingFacebook and Twitter, because they know it’s easier to get people to click on alink that appears to be recommended from a friend. McAfee has identified dozensof examples, including free dinner offers at Cheesecake Factory and fakemystery shopping invitations. Offers that sound too good to be true, such asfree iPads or free iPhones, are also a common lure. The company cautionsagainst clicking on fake alerts from friends, who may have been hackedthemselves, and avoiding shortened links on Twitter that claim to offer deals.

● Open e-cards with caution. They can be cute, but they can also bemalicious. McAfee warms that some e-cards download viruses onto your computerwhen you download them. To avoid that outcome the company suggests only openinge-cards from domain names that you recognize as big e-car sites.

● Upgrade your passwords. The holiday season can serve as a good reminderto give your passwords a makeover; security experts recommend changing themregularly as a precaution against hackers. Avoid common and simple words, uselong combinations of words that also incorporate numbers or symbols, and neveruse duplicate passwords for multiple accounts.

● Check up on an e-retailer before making purchases. Some fly-by-nightoperations take advantage of the uptick in shopping around the holiday seasonto collect cash without ever mailing out the goods in return, warms the BetterBusiness Bureau. To protect yourself, the bureau recommends never wiring moneyor paying in advance.

● Review your statements. The first sign of identity theft is oftenan unfamiliar charge on a credit card or bank statement; reviewing thosestatements carefully and contacting your bank or card provider with anyconcerns can prevent a theft from expanding. Credit card usually come with somemeasure of automatic protection, as long as you report the scam relativelyquickly.

Following these tips might leave you feeling like the Grinch — be suspicious of friends ?— but the real holiday downer would be dealing with a stolen identity whenyou’re trying to enjoy the spirit of the season.

1、How do Hackers steal customers' funds and identities?

A、By atacking the shoppers who forget their security code,

B、By attacking the shoppers who has lots of money in their account.

C、By atacking the shoppers who don't take security and prtection measures.

D、By attacking old shoppers account.

2、Why did Log Rhythm predict that a rise in cybercrime during this holiday shopping season?

A、Because shoppers' computers are less protected during the holiday season.

B、Because people now shop from mobile devices which are less protected than computers.

C、Because people spend more money shopping online.

D、Because Hackers can atack shoppers easier during shopping season.

3、What is one of the most common methods of hacking?

A、Sending an email to victims in order to direct them to another website, which then capturl

personal information.

B、Steal victims' personal information at banks.

C、Steal victims' personal information at shopping centers.

D、Steal victims' personal information from another company.

4、Why you'd better to skip atachments even from acquaintances?

A、Because those acquaintances may want to know your account information.

B、Because those acquaintances could be infected with a computer virus themselves.

C、Because those acquaintances know a lot of your personal information.

D、Because some of those acquaintances are nefarious.

5、What is a safer way to open e-cards?

A、Only opening e-cards from family and friends.

B、Only opening e-cards from your own company.

C、Only opening e-cards by your own computer.

D、Only opening e-cards from domain names that you recogize as big e-card sites.