Ist Saysches Theorem richtig？

听力原文： A United Nations report says sub-Saharan Africa is the only region in the world where extreme poverty continues to grow over a recent twenty-year period. In its annual report Tuesday, the UN Industrial Development Organization says forty-seven percent of all people living in sub-Saharan Africa subsist on less than one dollar a day. The group said that figure increased by five percentage points in the years between 1981 and 200In contrast, the group said the number of people worldwide living in absolute poverty fell from forty percent to twenty-one percent during that same time.

How many people lived in extreme poverty in sub-Saharan Africa in 1981?

A．37% of all the people there.

B．42% of all the people there.

C．45% of all the people there.

D．47% of all the people there.

Why does the woman say her husband is fortunate?

A．He often goes to work in a friend's car.

B．He doesn't need to go shopping by bus.

C．He lives close to the bus station.

For most of human history rich people had the most leisure. On the other hand, the poor have typically worked persistently. Hans-Joachim Voth, an economic historian, says that in 19th century you could tell how poor somebody was by how【C1】______they worked. Today things are【C2】______. Overall working hours have【C3】______over the past century. But the rich have begun to work longer hours than the poor. There are a number of【C4】______One is that higher wages make leisure more expensive: if people take time【C5】______they give up more money. Since the 1980s the【C6】______of those at the top have risen strongly, while those below the median have stood still or fallen. Thus rising【C7】______encourages the rich to work more and the poor to work less. The【C8】______of work and leisure in the rich world has also changed. Back in 1899 Thorstein Veblen offered his【C9】______on things. He argued that leisure was a "badge of honor". Rich people could get others to do the【C10】______, repetitive work. Yet Veblens leisure class was not【C11】______. Rather they engaged in "exploit":【C12】______and creative activities such as writing, charity and【C13】______. Veblens theory needs【C14】______. Work in advanced economies has become more【C15】______and intellectual. There are fewer really dull jobs, like lift-operating, and more【C16】______ones, like fashion design. That means more people than ever can enjoy "exploit" at the【C17】______. Work has come to offer the sort of pleasures that rich people used to【C18】______in their leisure time. On the other hand, leisure is【C19】______a sign of social power. Instead it【C20】______uselessness and unemployment.

【C1】

A．long

B．much

C．well

D．often

My uncle runs a manufacturing company with 400 employees, and he often does the interviewing and hiring himself. He says there are four keys to getting hired:

Firstly, prepare to win. Getting hired is no longer an once-in-a-lifetime experience. Employment experts believe that today's graduates could face as many as ten job changes during their careers. That may sound like a lot of pressure. But if you're prepared, the pressure is on the other folks. Secondly, never stop learning. Work on your weaknesses and develop your strengths. To be able to compete, you've got to keep learning all your life. And then, believe in yourself, even when no one else does. Don't ever let anyone tell you that you can't accomplish your goals. Who says you're not tougher, harder working and more able than your competitors? At last, find a way to make a difference.

Four Keys to Getting Hired

The writer's uncle is the boss of a company who often does the (46) himself. As he says, there are four keys to getting hired:

1) Prepare (47) . Getting hired isn't an once-in-a-lifetime experience.

2) Never stop learning. Work on (48) and develop your strengths.

3) Believe in yourself. Don't ever let anyone tell you that you can't (49) .

4) Find a way to (50) .

C

There are many different kinds of peaches (桃). One clear difference is the one between clingstone-fruit in which the flesh is stuck to the seed inside-and freestone -that in which the seed floats freely. Customers prefer freestone peaches because they don't want to struggle to get the flesh away from the seed.

And that's how it goes in stone fruit land. Plant breeders(培育者) are trying all the time to im- prove the old favorites. Frequently ， the changes are designed to meet the demands of the growers or packers. One very delicious family of peach varieties has nearly disappeared because it forms a small"beak" at the bottom of the fruit. That little point is likely to break during packing and shipping， opening the door to spoilage(腐烂) .

This is certainly not to say that the wants of customers are not important. In fact， they drive some of the most important changes. One thing customers like is red-lots of red. Peaches used to be prized for golden skin;now people are buying red， regarding it as a sign of ripeness.

But red has a hold on people. There's a story told by those in the stone fruit industry about a marketing experiment. A group of people were given two peaches : one a fairly tasteless red variety ， the other a great-tasting gold. Sitting around， tasting and talking about the fruit， the group all agreed that the gold was a much better peach and that was the one they would buy. Then， on the way out the door， they were offered boxes of peaches as a thank-you gift. One held the preferred golden fruit， the other the red. To a person， they picked the red fruit to take home. Red sells.

64. What does the word" stone" mean in the text?

[A] The hard seed inside a fruit.

[B] Containers that packers use.

[C] Small rocks found in the fields.

[D] Soft beaks at the bottom of the fruit.

Good or Bad?

Saccharin(糖精)is the only truly man-made sweetener．It was discovered by accident 100 yeas ago in an experiment with coal tar(煤焦油)．In the experiment, a scientist got some substance (which later he knew was saccharin) on his finger．"Later, at dinner, he put his finger into his mouth and noticed the sweet taste," says Eric Walters, professor of biochemistry at the Chicago Medical School.

Containing no calories(热量), saccharin is not absorbed by the human body．It began to be disliked by people during the late 1970s and early 1980s when one set of studies showed that it caused cancer in laboratory animals．According to Waiters, it is not fair to saccharin because the studies were not perfect.

More recent testing with other animals with small amounts of saccharin has not repeated the same results．Even with these experimental results, saccharin labels are still required to carry a warning saying it has been shown to cause cancer in laboratory animals.In 1990, saccharin was allowed to be sold in the market again.

Because it is hundreds of times sweeter than table sugar, only a small amount of saccharin is used at home, in restaurants or in the food-making industry.

Another sweetener we commonly use is aspartame(甜味剂)．It is not so sweet as saccharin, but much sweeter than table sugar．Unlike saccharin, however, aspartame can be absorbed into the body．It contains 4 calories per gram, the same as table sugar．But aspartame is 180 times sweeter than sugar.

Although aspartame is found in thousands of products, its safety, like saccharin, has still been uncertain．Nevertheless, people allow its use in all foods and drinks.

"In my opinion, aspartame is as safe as sugar but then there are those who think

white sugar is dangerous," says Waiters．"Between aspartame and saccharin, I would pick aspartame．But at normal use levels, I think saccharin is safe too．"

第 36 题 When talking about saccharin and aspartame, Eric Waiters most probably thinks that

A．both saccharin and aspartame are not safe____.

B．aspartame is safer than saccharin

C．saccharin is safer than aspartame

D．aspartame is safe even at high use levels

They Say Ireland's the Best

Ireland is the best place in the world to live for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.

The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being.

The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life".

Despite the bad weather, troubied health service, traffic congestion （拥挤）, gender inequality, and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33points out of 10.

That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest （最差的）, picking up only 3.89 points.

"Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued," the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown （崩溃） in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact."

"Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life."The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do,and that its findings would have their critics.No 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.

The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值） after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.

第 16 题 For 2,005years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned

Passage One

It can be shown in facts end figures that cycling is the cheapest, most convenient, end most environmentally desirable form. of transport in towns, but such cold calculations do not mean much on the frosty winter morning. The real appeal of cycling is that it is so enjoyable. It has none of the difficulties and tensions of other ways of traveling, so you are more cheerful after a ride, even through the rush hour. The first thing a non-cyclist says to you is: "But isn't it terribly dangerous?" It would be foolish to deny the danger of sharing the road with motor vehicles and it must be admitted that there are an alarming number of accidents involving cyclists. However, although police records indicate that the car driver is often to blame, the answer lies with the cyclist. It is possible to ride in such a way as to reduce risks to a minimum. If you decide to join the thousands in Britain who are now returning to cycling as a cheap, satisfying form. of transport your first problem will be trying to decide what bike to buy. Here are three simple roles of buying a bike.

1) Always buy the best you can afford. Of course there has to be a meeting point between what you would really like and economic reality, but aim as high as you can end you will get the benefit not only when you ride but also if you went to sell. Well-made bikes keep their value very well. And don't forget to include in your calculations the fact that you'll begin saving money on fares and petrol the minute you leave the shop.

2) Get the best frame, the main structure of the bicycle, for your money as you can Cheap brakes, wheels or gears can easily be replaced by more expensive ones, but the frame. sets the upper limit on any transformation you should allow for the possibility that your cycling ambitions will grow with practice. When you begin the four miles to work may be the most Yon ever dream of; but after a few months a Sunday ride into the country begins to look more and more desirable-The best thing is to buy a bike just a little bit better than you think you'll need, and then grow into it otherwise, try to get a model that can be improved.

3) The fit is vital Handlebars and seat height can be adjusted but you must get the right sized frame. On the whole it is best to get the largest size you can manage. Frame. sizes are measured in inches and the usual adult range from 21 inches to 25 inches, though extreme sizes outside those measurements can be found. Some people say if you take four inches from your inside leg measurement you will end up with the right size of bike. The basic principle, though, is that you should be able to stand with legs cither side of the crossbar (the bar goes from the handlebars to the seat) with both feet comfortably that on the ground

Passage Two

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A．Y

B．N

C．NG

They Say Ireland's the Best

Ireland is the best place in the world to live in for 2005, according to a life quality ranking that appeared in Britain's Economist magazine last week.

The ambitious attempt to compare happiness levels around the world is based on the principle that wealth is not the only measure of human satisfaction and well-being. The index of 111 countries uses data on incomes, health, unemployment, climate, political stability, job security, gender equality as well as what the magazine calls "freedom, family and community life"

Despite the bad weather, troubled health service, traffic congestion (拥挤), gender inequality and the high cost of living, Ireland scored an impressive 8.33 points out of 10.

That put it well ahead of second-place Switzerland, which managed 8.07. Zimbabwe, troubled by political insecurity and hunger, is rated the gloomiest (最差的), picking up only 3.89 points.

"Although rising incomes and increased individual choices are highly valued. "the report said, "some of the factors associated with modernization such as the breakdown (崩溃) in traditional institutions and family values in part take away from a positive impact. "

"Ireland wins because it successfully combines the most desirable elements of the new with the preservation of certain warm elements of the old, such as stable family and community life"

The magazine admitted measuring quality of life is not a straightforward thing to do, and that its findings would have their critics.

No. 2 on the list is Switzerland. The other nations in the top 10 are Norway, Luxembourg, Sweden, Australia, Iceland, Italy, Denmark and Spain.

The UK is positioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefly because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP (人均国内生产总值) after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower half of the league at 60th.

For 2,050 years, Ireland has been the best place for humans to live in.

A．Right

B．Wrong

C．Not mentioned