Plato was famous for his most influential insights of ____________？

Aristotle and Plato in ancient Greece wrote about problems of wealth, property, and trade, both of whom were prejudiced against commerce, feeling that to live by trade was undesirable.

He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as "the best and most just and wisest man." Yet, this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teaching had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

Socrates encouraged new .ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock (毒人参) in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

Which of the following can best tell the main idea of the passage?

A．Socrates and his death.

B．Socrates beliefs.

C．Socrates, a wise man and his beliefs.

D．Socrates and his philosophy.

He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as" the best and most just and wisest man." Yet, the same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates' method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a lesser penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

In the first paragraph, the word yet is used to introduce______.

A．contrast

B．a sequence

C．emphasize

D．an example.

The most influential Greek philosophers are Plato and Aristotle. The former pursues Idea, while the latter is regarded the father of __________.

A.philosophy

B.natural science.

C.education

D.idealism

"The highest merit we ascribe to Moses, Plato, and Milton," says Emerson, "is that they set at nought books and traditions, and spoke not what men thought but what they thought. A man should learn to detect and watch that gleam of light which flashes across his mind from within, more than the luster of the firmament of bards and sages. Yet he dismisses without notice his thought because it is his. In every work of genius we recognize our own rejected thoughts; they come back to us with a certain alienated majesty." It is strange that any one who has recognized the individuality of all works of lasting influence should not also recognize the fact that his own individuality ought to be steadfastly preserved. As Emerson says in continuation, "Great works of art have no more affecting lesson for us than this. They teach us to abide by our spontaneous impressions with goodhumored inflexibility, then most when the whole cry of voices is on the other side. Else tomorrow a stranger will say with masterful good sense precisely what we have thought and felt all the time, and we shall be forced to take with shame our opinion from another." Accepting the opinions of another and the tastes of another is very different from agreement in opinion and taste. Originality is independence, not rebellion. It is sincerity, not antagonism. Whatever you believe to be true and false, that proclaim to be true and false. Whatever you think admirable and beautiful, that should be your model, even if all your friends and all the critics storm at you as a crotchet-monger and an eccentric. Whether the public will feel its truth and beauty at once, or after long years, or never cease to regard it as paradox and ugliness, no man can foresee. Enough for you to know that you have done your best, have been true to yourself, and that the utmost power inherent in your work has been displayed.

The title below that best expresses the main idea of this passage is ______.

A．What Emerson Said

B．Individualism in Writing

C．Doing Your Best

D．Great Works of Art

Section B

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice.

He was a funny looking man with a cheerful face, good natured and a great talker. He was described by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as "the best and most just and wisest man". Yet this same man was condemned to death for his beliefs.

The man was the Greek philosopher, Socrates, and he was condemned for not believing in the recognized gods and for corrupting young people. The second charge stemmed from his association with numerous young men who came to Athens from all over the civilized world to study under him.

Socrates' method of teaching was to ask questions and, by pretending not to know the answers, to press his students in to thinking for themselves. His teachings had unsurpassed influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet, for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.

Socrates encouraged new ideas and free thinking in the young, and this was frightening to the conservative people. They wanted him silenced. Yet, many were probably surprised that he accepted death so readily.

Socrates had the right to ask for a less penalty, and he probably could have won over enough of the people who had previously condemned him. But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. So, he calmly accepted his fate and drank a cup of poison hemlock in the presence of his grief-stricken friends and students.

In the first paragraph, the word "yet" is used to introduce ______.

A．contrast

B．a sequence

C．emphasis

D．an example

Who was the first to pick out eidos?

A、Socrates

B、Plato

C、Aristotle

_____created the world famous Athens school.

A、Socrates

B、Plato

C、Aristotle

Passage Three

To a philosopher, wisdom is not the same as knowledge. Facts may be known in enormous numbers without the knower of them loving wisdom. Indeed, the person who possesses encyclopedic (学识渊博的) information may actually have a genuine contempt (轻视) for those who love and seek wisdom. The philosopher is not content with a mere knowledge of facts. He desires to combine and evaluate facts, and to examine beneath the obvious to the deeper orderliness behind the immediately given facts. Insight into the hidden depths of reality, perspective (洞察) on human life and nature in their entirety, in the words of Plato, to be a spectator of time and existence--these are the philosopher's objectives. Too great an interest in the small details of science, may, and often does, obscure these basic objectives.

Philosophers assume that the love of wisdom is a natural gift of the human being. Potentially every man is a philosopher because in the depths of his being there is an intense longing to penetrate to the meaning of the mysteries of existence. The inner deep longing expresses itself in various ways prior to any actual study of philosophy as a technical branch of human culture. Consequently every human being in so far as he has ever been or is a lover of wisdom has, to that extent, a philosophy of life.

41. The title below that best expresses the idea of this passage is ______.

A. The Potential Philosopher

B. The Philosophy of Plato

C. The Philosopher Versus the Scientist

D. The Philosopher Defined