Since 1978 the development of ELT can be divided into four phases: restoration, rapid development, reform and__________.

A、rapid development, stopping period

B、rapid development, reform

C、rapid, development

D、stopping period, rapid development

A. Innovation

B. Improvement

C. Creation

D. Integration

Carnegie Hall, the famous concert hall in New York City, has again undergone a restoration. While this is not the first, it is certainly the most extensive in the building's history. As a result of this restoration, Carnegie Hall once again has the quality of sound that it had when it was first built.

Carnegie Hall owes its existence to Andrew Carnegie, the wealthy owner of a steel company in the late 1800s. The hall was finished in 1891 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent performing arts hall where accomplished musicians gained fame. Despite its reputation, however, the concert hall suffered from several detrimental renovations over the years. During the Great Depression, when fewer people could afford to attend performances, the directors sold part of the building to commercial businesses. As a result, a coffee shop was opened in one comer of the building, for which the builders replaced the brick and terra cotta walls with windowpanes. A renovation in 1946 seriously damaged the acoustical quality of the hall when the makers of the film Carnegie Hall cut a gaping hole in the dome of the ceiling to allow for lights and air vents. The hole was later covered with short Curtains and a fake ceiling, but the hall never sounded the same afterwards.

In 1960, the violinist Isaac Stem became involved in restoring the hall after a group of real estate developers unveiled plans to demolish Carnegie Hall and build a high-rise office building on the site, This threat spurred Stern to rally public support for Carnegie Hall and encourage the City of New York to buy the property. The movement was successful, and the concert hall is now owned by the city. In the current restoration, builders tested each new material for its sound qualities, and they replaced the hole in the ceiling with a dome. The builders also restored the outer walls to their original appearance and closed the coffee shop. Carnegie has never sounded better, and its prospects for the future have never looked more promising.

The passage is mainly about ______.

A．changes to Carnegie Hall

B．the appearance of Carnegie Hall

C．Carnegie Hall's history during the Great Depression

D．damage to the ceiling in Carnegie Hall

Part B

Directions: In the following article, some sentences ]tare been removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank, There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET I. ( 10 points)

On the ground floor of a five story building in Rome, Italy, a lead aproned man carefully places a 400-year-o. ld painting on a table. Then he steps back and flips the switch of a 50,000-volt X-ray machine. Nearby, another painting is being wheeled into a special oven. Elsewhere the buzz of a power saw is heard from behind a closed door. Two workers are cutting the back off a 500-year-old wood panel painting.

Such things happen every day at Rome' s Institute of Restoration. 41)____________In terms of an treasures, Italy is one of the richest countries in the world. Yet until 1939, when Italy' s government founded the Institute, the country" s museums had to hire private restorers for cleaning and repair jobs. Says Doctor Urbani, "Most of the restorers did not have proper training. They often did more harm than good."

No wonder they did harm. 42)____________.

43)____________. Sometimes they even changed the picture.

Any number of things can damage 'an art work. Smog eats away at stone and metal. Insects chew wood. Moisture causes wood and canvas to swell, shrink and finally rot. For one art show, a painting was flown from England to Rome. During the flight, the canvas shrank so much that the paint lost its grip and began peeling. When the box was opened in Rome, there was a halfbare painting——and a pile of tiny colored flakes.

Doctor Urbani remembers, "The painting was rushed to us. It looked hopeless. But we never give up on a case." After months of slow, careful work, every piece of paint had been puzzled back together and glued on a new canvas. The job was so well done that no damage could be seen.

When a painting arrives at the art hospital, it goes to the laboratory, where scientific work is done. Infrared and ultra- violet photographs are taken. 44)____________.Newer coats of paint stand out as dark spots against older coats of paint, if there seems to be a different picture beneath the one showing on the surface, the painting is finally X-rayed.

Paintings on wood are then carried into a boxcar sized room. 45)____________.For 24 hours, a deadly gas seeps into all the cracks in the wood to kill hidden bugs and their eggs. Paintings on torn canvas go to a room where new cloth hackings are glued and ironed on. Finally the paintings are ready to be given new life by one of the restorers.

[A] Instead of just touching up damaged spots, most early restorers painted over them with a heavy hand.

[B] Using these photographs and an analysis of the paint, it began removing dirt and old, yellowed varnish with cotton dipped in a special liquid.

[C] Headed by Doctor Giovanui Urbani, the men and women here work at keeping works of art in good health.

[D] These photographs make it possible to see through the thin top coats of paint to find out if the painting has been touched up or painted over in the past.

[E] They often cleaned paintings with strong black soap, or scrubbed them with raw onions and green apples.

[F] Tile door is sealed shut.

[G] After cleaning, they began the job of filling in the spots where paint was missing.

41.____________

Section D

Carnegie Hall, the famous concert hall in New York city, has again undergone a restoration. While this is not the first,【72】. As a result of this new restoration, Carnegie Hall once again has the quality of sound that it had when it was first built.

Carnegie Hall owes its existence to Andrew Carnegie,【73】. The hall was finished in 1891 and quickly gained a reputation as an excellent performing arts hall where accomplished musicians gained fame. Despite its reputation, however,【74】over the years. During the Great Depression, when fewer people could afford to attend performances, the directors sold part of the building to commercial businesses. As a result,【75】, for which the builders replaced a brick and terra cotta walls with windowpanes. A renovation in 1946 seriously damaged the acoustical quality of the hall when the makers of the film Carnegie Hall cut a gaping hole in the dome of the ceiling to allow for lights and air vents. The hole was later covered with short curtains and a fake ceiling, but【76】.

In 1960, the violinist Issac Stern became involved in restoring the hall after a group of real estate developers unveiled plans to demolish Carnegie Hall and build a high-rise office building on the site. This threat spurred Stern to rally public support for Carnegie Hall and【77】. The movement was successful, and the concert hall is now owned by the city. In the current restoration, builders tested each new material for its sound qualities, and they replaced the hole in the ceiling with a dome.【78】and closed the coffee shop. Carnegie has never sounded better, and its prospects for the future have never looked more promising.

A. A coffee shop was opened in one corner of the building.

B. The builders also restored the outer walls to their original appearance.

C. The recent restoration repaired the outer walls.

D. Encourage the City of New York to buy property.

E. IT is certainly the most extensive in the building history.

F. The hall never sounded the same afterwards.

G. The wealthy owner of a steel company in the late 1800s.

H. The concert hall suffered from several detrimental renovations.

(67)

Unlike other forms of narrative art, a play, to be successful , must give pleasure to its immediate audience by reflecting the concerns and values of that audience. A novel can achieve success over months or even years, but a play must be a hit or perish. Successful drama of the Restoration period, therefore, is a good index to the typical tastes and attitudes of its time. The author of the passage above assumes that

A．plays written for Restoration audiences do not appeal to modern audiences.

B．plays are superior to novels as a form. of narrative art.

C．Restoration audiences were representative of the whole population of their time.

D．playgoers and novel readers are typically distinct and exclusive groups.

E．Restoration drama achieved popular success at the expense of critical success.

A、A minor must reach the age of majority to disaffirm a contract

B、Contracts that come under the necessaries of life can be disaffirmed by minors

C、Minors are exempt from duty of restoration during the period of minority

D、A minor can expressly disaffirm a contract orally or in writing

In London, two weeks ago a class of students made legal history by winning a lawsuit against their college for poor teaching.

In this landmark case the group all passed their course in historic vehicle restoration, but sued (起诉) the Oxfordshire college they had attended, claiming their qualifications were worthless because none had gained jobs in the field. The fact that the course was substantially different from that promised meant they won their case.

James Groves, general secretary of the National Postgraduate Committee in UK reports that students are getting better at complaining. "They are starting to see themselves as consumers of a product, and are reacting accordingly when things don't go right. Most importantly, they usually are paying their own fees and expect to get what they have paid for."

Groves says most complaints to his organization are about facilities and the quality of supervision. He says that more students seem to make complaints might be due simply to the fact that universities are getting better at dealing with them. "In the past there was a tendency for colleges to brush these things aside. Today, most universities observe a code of practice and complaints are taken more seriously."

He adds that students with complaints should first talk informally with the person concerned, taking a "friendly but firm attitude".

Jaswinder Gill, who represented the students in the Oxfordshire case, is co-author of a recently published book: Universities and Students. He says the Oxfordshire case is interesting because the majority of students finished the course and were awarded qualifications. "Previously, students have sued when they failed to gain qualifications. But it is not now good enough for universities and colleges to say to grieving students: 'You've got your qualification, so what's the problem?' It's about the quality of that qualification."

The students argued that promises made in the college introduction, in course material and by course representatives during interviews were not met. Promised job opportunities in the industry failed to materialize, as did the promised 50 percent of practical and vocational work, and basic tools had not been available. Gill suggests that in such cases it is easy to prove the college at fault.

What made the students of Oxfordshire win their case?

A．None of them gained jobs a few years after graduation.

B．The students failed to get their qualifications.

C．They didn't get what they had been promised.

D．They were over charged by the college they attended.

听力原文：W: Steve in which year did you come to Japan?

M: Uh, let me see, 1969, yeah. More than thirty years ago.

W: 59, 69, 79, 89, 99—79, 89, 99, 2009 would be forty. And you're from the States?

M: Yeah, Michigan. Michigan is famous for lakes. It has many lakes—the Land of 10,000 Lakes. Unfortunately, pollution enters and moves through the Great Lakes region. The mission of the Michigan Great Lakes Protection Fund is to provide a source of reliable funding for new research and demonstration projects to preserve, enhance, and restore the Great Lakes and its component ecosystems.

W: Yeah, emphasis is placed on work that results in needed policy development or significant near-term improvement in water quality, environmental health, and ecosystem restoration. By the way, is Michigan up on the Canadian border?

M: Right.

W: The Northeast.

M: North—well, Midwest. It's called the Midwest.

W: But it's the Northeast of the country. Why is that?

M: Well, originally the West—the country wasn't so big. And so Michigan was not quite all the way west, but it was pretty far west, yeah, when it became a state.

W: Hang on a minute, hang on a minute.

M: Yeah?

W: What do you mean "the country wasn't so big?" The country's always been the same size, hasn't it?

M: No. It started off real little. It was just a little strip on the East coast, and it started kind of, uh, spreading like a fungus or a virus, or something. And it spread across. And when Michigan became a state, it was pretty far west, but it wasn't all the way west, so they called that part of the country the Midwest. And the other parts out there would be the Far West, and California was just something altogether different, I guess.

W: So, the idea of "west" shifted gradually west, with time.

M: Yeah, originally, you know, the Appalachian mountains would've been the west side of the country and now, it's way far east. And the Frontier. That was called the Frontier. It was a big deal.

W: When you say America was a thin sliver on the East Coast, where did it start? Was it New York or Philadelphia?

M: A bit north of there, Massachusetts.

(23)

A．In Tokyo.

B．In Japan.

C．In Massachusetts.

D．In the States.