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Credit cards are instruments issued by banks to customers to enable them to acquire goods, services or currency on credit. 信用卡是银行为使客户能以赊账的方式购买商品、获得服务和提取货币而发行的一种工具。
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第1题
第2题
(8)
A.Credit card customers are given a right to buy goods and services.
B.The cardholder can buy goods and services within the credit limit.
C.Normally, banks will set different credit lines to different groups of cardholders.
D.Each month the cardholder receives a statement from the bank.
第3题
?For each question (31-40), write one word in CAPITAL LETTERS on your Answer Sheet.
The US Banking System
The US banking system is not as tightly centralized As European systems. At its head we find the Federal Reserve Board (the "FED"), which works through twelve regional Federal Reserve banks. The Board, (31) responsibility is directly to the Congress, is an independent agency, not subject to the orders of the President. But of course, a large amount of cooperation does exist (32) the White House and the Treasury on the one hand, and the Board on the (33) .
Credit cards are issued by banks or certain organizations and may be used by the (34) to have purchases (goods or services such as meals, accommodation and travel) charged to a bank account. The account is (35) for the corresponding amount and the card holder is sent monthly statements of account.
Some credit cards are (36) internationally by many stores, hotels and restaurants. Cards holders may also obtain cash (37) presenting their card in a local bank, or by using automatic cash machine.
Credit cards are issued by banks to their clients and guarantee the solvency of the holders (38) they pay by checks.
In the USA. it is frequent for stores to (39) charge accounts for their customers. Instead of paying in cash the buyer only has to (40) a numbered card for the purchase to be charged to his account.
(31)
第4题
A.by credit card within seven days.
B.in weekly instalments.
C.by cheque or cash within one week.
第5题
A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become al important weapon in the fight against fraud (欺骗).
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in voice-recognition chip. The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica, California, represents the first attempt to pack a microphone, a loudspeaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet: the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card, but it is still about three times as thick. The company now plans to make it thinnet.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology d esigned to prevent fraud in online transactions. This earlier card has no microphone," but has a built-in loudspeaker that it uses to "squawk" (发出叫声)a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an online server.
By verifying (证实) that the signal matches the card details, the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand.The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later. But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards. The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk, but it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate (合法的) user's spoken password.Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that can be powered by a mini battery embedded (嵌入的) in a credit card.To maximize battery life, the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used.Pressing a button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice. If the voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic (真实的), it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies, allowing the transaction to proceed.
第 36 题 The voice credit card is an important invention because
A.it can be made cost-effectively.
B.it can leave voice messages.
C.it makes online shopping easy.
D.it makes fraud difficult.
第6题
A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become an important weapon in the fight against fraud (欺骗).
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in voice-recognition chip. The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica, California, represents the first attempt to pack a microphone, a loudspeaker, a battery and a voice-recognition chip into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet: the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card, but it is still about three times as thick. The company now plans to make it thinner.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in online transactions. This earlier card has no microphone, but has a built-in loudspeaker that it uses to "squawk" (发出叫声) a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an online server.
By verifying (证实) that the signal matches the card details, the server can establish that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand. The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing back the audible ID when they key in the details later. But this earlier technology cannot prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards. The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk, but it will not do this until it has verified the legitimate (合法的) user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry that can be powered by a mini battery embedded (嵌入的) in a credit card. To maximize battery life, the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used. Pressing a button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice. If the voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic (真实的), it sends its ID squawk which the server then identifies, allowing the transaction to proceed.
The voice credit card is an important invention because
A.it can be made cost-effectively.
B.it can leave voice messages.
C.it makes online shopping easy.
D.it makes fraud difficult.
第7题
A.At any bank where he pays a charge at the rate of 2.25% a month.
B.At any bank that has joined this scheme.
C.At any store showing the bank card sign.
D.Only at a bank where he has deposited money.
第8题
The principal classes of credit are as follows: (1) mercantile or commercial credit, which merchants extend to one another to finance production and distribution of goods; (2) investment credit, used by business firms to finance the acquisition of plant and equipment and represented by corporate bonds, long-term notes, and other proofs of indebted ness; (3) bank credit, consisting of the deposits, loans, and discounts of depository institutions; (4) consumer or personal credit, which comprises advances made to individuals to enable them to meet expenses or to purchase, on a deferred payment basis, goods or service for personal consumption; (5) real-estate credit, composed of loans secured by land and buildings; (6) public or government credit, represented by the bond issues of national, state, and municipal governments; and (7) international credit, which is extended to particular governments by other governments, by the nationals of foreign countries, or by international banking institutions, such as the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
The principal function of credit is to transfer property from those who own it to those who wish to use it, as in the granting of loans by banks to individuals who plan to initiate or expand a business venture. The transfer is temporary and is made for a price, known as interest, which varies with the risk involved and also with the demand for, and supply of, credit.
Credit transactions have been indispensable to the economic development of the modern world. Credit puts to use property that would otherwise lie idle, thus enabling a country to more fully employ its resources. One of the most significant differences between some nations of Africa, Asia, and South America and the advanced Western nations is the extent to which the use of credit permits the latter to keep their savings continuously at work. The presence of credit institutions rests on the readiness of people to trust one another and of courts to enforce business contracts. The lack of adequate credit facilities makes it natural and necessary for inhabitants of developing countries to hoard their savings instead of putting them to productive and profitable use. Without credit, the tremendous investments required for the development of the large-scale enterprise on which the high riving standards of the West are based would have been impossible.
The use of credit also makes feasible the performance of the complex operations involved in modern business with out the constant handling of money. Credit operations are carried out by means of documents known as credit instruments, which include bills of exchange, money orders, checks, drafts, promissory notes, and bonds. These instruments are usually negotiable; they may legally be transferred in the same way as money. When the party issuing the instrument desires to prevent its use by anyone other than the party to whom it is issued, he or she may do so by inscribing the words ,not negotiable" on the instrument.
Creditors sometimes require no other assurance of repayment than the debtor's credit standing, that is, one's record of honesty in fulfilling financial obligations and one's current ability to fulfill similar obligations. Sometimes more tangible security, such as the guarantee of a third party, is required. Also, the debtor may be obliged to assign the rights to some other property, which is at least equal in value to the loan, as collateral security for payment. Bonds placed on sale by a corpotation are often secured by a mortgage on the corporation's property or so
A.hire
B.save up
C.put aside
D.store
第9题
By the millions they are coming, no longer the tired, the poor, the wretched masses longing for a better living. These are the wealthy. "We don't have a budget," says a biologist from Brazil, as she walks with two companions through New York City's South Street. "We just use our credit cards."
The U.S. has long been one of the worlds most popular tourist destinations, but this year has been exceptional. First there was the World Cup, which drew thousands from every comer of the globe; then came the weakening of the U.S. dollar against major currencies. Now the U.S., still the worlds superpower, can also c .laim to be the worlds bargain basement. Nobody undersells America these days on just about everything, from consumer electronics to fashion clothes to tennis rackets. Bottom retail prices - anywhere from 30% to 70% lower than those in Europe and Asia - have attracted some 47 million visitors, who are expected to leave behind $79 billion in 1994. That's up from $74 billion the year before.
True, not everyone comes just for bargains. There remains an undeniable fascination in the rest of the world with all things American, nourished by Hollywood films and U.S. television series. But shopping the U.S.A. is proving irresistible. Every week thousands arrive with empty suitcases ready to be filled; some even rent an additional hotel room to hold their purchases. The buying binge has become as important as watching Old Faithful Fountains erupt in Yellowstone Park or sunbathing on a beach in Florida.
The U.S. has come at last to appreciate what other countries learned long ago: the pouring in of foreign tourists may not always be convenient, but it does put money in the bank. And with a trade deficit at about $130 billion and growing for the past 12 months, the U.S. needs all the deposits it can get. Compared with American tourists abroad, visitors to the U.S. stay longer and spend more money at each stop; and average of 12.2 night and $1624 a traveller versus the American's four nights and $298.
From what the Brazilian biologist says, we know that tourists like her______.
A.are reluctant to carry cash with them
B.simply don't care how much they spend
C.are not good at planning their expenditure
D.often spend more money than they can afford
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