In panel discussions, the panelists are expected to present agreed-upon views.

"...they have offered refinements" in paragraph 7 means that ______.

A．the panelists have attempted to make changes to the Charter

B．the panelists have proposed minor alternatives to the Charter

C．the panelists have examined the Charter thoroughly enough

D．the panelists have made the Charter more logical in expression

Usually the panels are interlocked with _____ so that the devices can be made dead before the doors are opened.

A.protective earth

B.isolators

C.ground switch

D.circuit-breakers

The figure above represents a window, with the shaded regions representing openings for glass and the pale regions representing the wood panels between and around the glass. If the window is 4.5 feet high by 2.5 feet wide, and if each of the wooden panels is exactly 4 inches thick, what is the total surface area, in square inches, of glass in the window? (1 foot=12 inches; figure not drawn to scale)

A．189

B．378

C．448

D．756

E．1,620

Late next century, when scholars are scripting the definitive history of the PC, these last few years of high-octane growth may actually be【1】as the Dark Ages. Historians will marvel at【2】we toiled in front of monolithic, beige BUBs (big ugly boxes), suffering under the oppressive glare of cathode-ray tubes【3】our legs scraped against the 10-pound towers beneath our desks.

They may also mark 1999【4】the start of the PC renaissance,【5】manufacturers finally started to get it: design matters. In this holiday season, computer shoppers will【6】unprecedented variety in shapes, sizes and colors—and【7】in Apple's groundbreaking line of translucent iMacs and iBooks.【8】every major PC maker now has innovative desktop designs【9】the way to market, from hourglass-sculpted towers to flat-panel displays with all the processing innards【10】into the base.【11】industrial designers, who still think the PC has a long way【12】you'll want to display it on your mantle, the only question is, what took【13】? "The PC industry has ridiculed design for a long time," says Hartmut Esslinger, founder of Frog Design. "They【14】their customers and have underestimated their desires."

PC makers are finally catching on-and it's partly【15】desperation. Manufacturers【16】to sell computers by trumpeting their techno bells and whistles,【17】processor speed and memory. But since ever-faster chips have given us more power on the desktop【18】we could ever possibly use, computer makers【19】on price——a strategy that has dropped most units below ＄1,000 and slashed profits. Last week IBM limped from the battlefield,【20】it would pull its lagging Aptiva line from store shelves and sell it only on the Web. Competing only on price "made an industry shakeout inevitable," says Nick Donatiello, president of the marketing-research firm Odyssey.

(1)

A．said

B．depicted

C．spoken

D．predicted

The switchboards for a.csystems differ from the d.cswitch gear in that the open type panels are generally_____ and the dead-front switch gear is the common rule.

A.permissibly

B.permissible

C.no permissible

D.not permissible

Medical research findings are customarily not made public prior to their publication in a medical journal that has had them reviewed by a panel of experts in a process called peer review. It is claimed that this practice delays public access to potentially beneficial information that, in extreme instances, could save lives. Yet prepublication peer review is the only way to prevent erroneous and therefore potentially harmful information from reaching a public that is ill equipped to evaluate medical claims on its own. Therefore, waiting until a medical journal has published the research findings that have passed peer review is the price that must be paid to protect the public from making decisions based on possibly substandard research. The argument assumes that

A．unless medical research findings are brought to peer review by a medical journal, peer review will not occur.

B．anyone who does not serve on a medical review panel does not have the necessary knowledge and expertise to evaluate medical research findings.

C．the general public does not have access to the medical journals in which research findings are published.

D．all medical research findings are subjected to prepublica-tion peer review.

E．peer review panels are sometimes subject to political and professional pressures that can make their judgments less than impartial.

下面使用Panel的构造函数正确的是()

A、Panelp=newPanel()

B、Panelp=newanel("Panel")

C、Panelp=newPanel(200,300)

D、Panelp=newPanel("Panel",300,200)

Displays to keep an eye on

A New displays are starting to appear in consumer devices, offering advantages over today's liquid-crystal screens. From tiny mobile phones to enormous fiat-panel televisions, liquid-crystal displays (LCDs) are everywhere. The technology is cheap, even for large panels— witness the tumbling price of LCD televisions—and can brilliantly display text and graphics. LCDs have made notebook computers possible and have pushed aside the bulky computer monitors of a few years ago. They make it possible to show films on aeroplane seats-backs, play video games on the train and see digital photos right away on the back of a camera.

B However, LCDs are not perfect. They can be power hungry, tend to produce washed-out images in bright sunlight and are often thick and inflexible. As a result, several other display technologies, each with benefits and drawbacks of their own, are starting to appear in consumer-electronics devices. Some of them could give the LCD a run for its money, at least in some areas, by offering crisper images, brighter colours, thinner screens and lower power consumption.

C Electronic paper displays, first developed in the 1970s, are finally making their way into a number of products. Appropriately enough, Sony and several other manufacturers are using the technology in portable "e-book" devices intended to replace books and newspapers. Colour LCDs are grids of tiny shutters, each of which decides how much light to let through from a "backlight" behind the screen. Electronic paper, conversely, relies on ambient light from the surroundings, just like ink on paper—so electronic-paper displays are sharp and easy to read in bright sunlight. Better still, once the screen has been set to display a page of text, no electrical power is needed to keep it there; power is consumed only when the screen is updated, which can extend the battery life of mobile devices.

D The technology is also easy on the eye, says Nico Verplancke of IEBT, a Flemish research institute. Last year he oversaw a trial of electronic-paper technology carried out by De Tijd, a Belgian newspaper. The newspaper asked 200 readers to evaluate an electronic edition displayed on the iLiad, a device made by iRex Technologies of Eindhoven, in the Netherlands. Their responses to the display were favourable. "The reading experience was pretty amazing," says Mr Verplancke. "It was very close to reading normal paper."

E Sony has developed a similar device called the Reader, which went on sale in America last autumn. Like the iLiad, it uses electronic-paper technology from E Ink, based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. E Ink's technology has also been used in the Motofone, Motorola's low-cost mobile phone for the developing world, a Seiko wristwatch, a weather-station and a flash-memory stick. And it will appear in a new mobile device with a five inch (13cra) roll-up display that will be introduced in Italy later this year. The "Librofonino", an e-book reader with a cellular connection for receiving information, was developed by Polymer Vision, based in the Netherlands, and will be sold by Telecom Italia.

F A second emerging technology is based on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). Such displays, which are based on the electroluminescence of organic compounds, are said to be thinner and brighter than LCDs, and offer wider viewing angles. Since they emit light directly, OLED displays do not need a backlight. So far OLED displays have appeared mostly in small devices such as music players and as the secondary display on the outside of mobile-phones. Sales of OLED displays in 2006 reached $615m, says Vinita Jakhanwal of iSuppli, a market-research firm. But the technology is improving and annual sales will grow to around $3 billion in 2012, she predicts.

G The technology's main drawback is that OLED displays only have a lifetime of around 20,000 hours, or a little over two years in c

The panel agreed on all of the following except that____.

A．the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a law

B．the privately funded researchers and clinics should be forbidden to clone humans

C．it would be against ethical values to clone a human being

D．it would be against the law to use private funding for human cloning

The panel agreed on all of the following except that ______.

A．the ban on federal funds for human cloning should be made a law

B．the cloning of human DNA is not to be put under more control

C．it is criminal to use private funding for human cloning

D．it would be against ethical values to clone a human being