Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will hav

Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)

Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.

For questions 1～7, mark

Y (for YES ) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;

N (for NO ) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;

NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.

For questions 8～10, complete the sentences With the information given in the passage.

Influenza

Influenza is caused by a virus transmitted from one person to another in droplets coughed or sneezed into the air. It is characterized by cold like symptoms plus chills, fever, headaches, muscle aches, and fatigue. Most people recover completely in about a week.

In addition to humans, influenza occurs in pigs, horses, and several other mammals (哺乳动物) as well as in certain wild and domesticated birds. At least some influenza viruses can jump from one species to another. For example, in late 1997 a strain of the influenza virus in chickens began to infect humans in Hong Kong, leading to a massive effect to remove the strain.

Many millions of people develop the flu each year. In most years less than 1 percent of those infected die. Nonetheless, this translates into large numbers. The United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that influenza causes more than 20,000 deaths in the United States each year; combined, influenza and pneumonia (肺炎)are among the nation's ten leading causes of death. During epidemics and pandemics, death rates soar. The influenza pandemic that occurred between 1918 and 1919--the worse on record--killed about 500,000 people in the United States and more than 20 million people worldwide.

Symptoms and diagnosis

Influenza is an acute disease with a rapid onset and obvious symptoms. After the influenza virus invades a person's body, an period of one or two days passes before symptoms appear. Classic symptoms include sore throat, dry cough, stuffed or runny no, se, chills, fever with temperatures as high as 39℃, aching muscles and joints, headache, loss of appetite, occasional nausea and vomiting, and fatigue. For most people flu symptoms begin to subside after two to three days and disappear in seven to ten days. However, coughing and fatigue may persist for two or more weeks.

Death from influenza itself is rare. But influenza can worsen underlying medical conditions, such as heart or lung disease. Invading influenza viruses produce inflammation (发炎) in the lining of the respiratory tract, damage that increases the risk that secondary infections will develop. Common complications include bronchitis, sinusitis, and bacterial pneumonia, occurring most frequently in the elderly, people on chemotherapy (化学疗法), and people with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or another disease that compromises the immune system. If properly treated, these complications seldom are fatal.

Because influenza is so common and exhibits standard symptoms, doctors often diagnose the illness based on the season and whether flu cases have recently been reported in the area. TO prove a diagnosis of influenza in a patient, the virus must be isolated from the person's nasal or cough secretions or blood and identified under a microscope.

Treatment and prevention

There is no specific cure for influenza. Recommended treatment usually consists of bed rest and increased intake of fluids until fever and other symptoms lessen in severit

A．Y

B．N

C．NG