Forget fit, tanned and sporty—the new generation of Australians is fast becoming fat, pa
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第1题
er games can delay the onset of dementia, a US study suggests. Watching TV but does not【M1】______ count—and indeed spending significant periods of time in front of the box may speed up with memory loss, researchers found.【M2】______ Nearly 200 people aged 70 to 89 with mild memory problems were compared to a group who had no impairment. The researchers【M3】______ from the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota asked the volunteers about their daily activities within the past year and how mental active【M4】______ they had been between the age of 50 to 65. Those who had during middle age busy reading, playing games or engaging in craft【M5】______ hobbies like patchworking or knitting was found to have a 40%【M6】______ reduced risk of memory impairment. In later life, those same activities reduced the risk by between 30 and 50%. Those who watched TV for less than 7 hours a day were also 50% more likely【M7】______ to develop memory loss than those who spent longer than that staring at the screen. "This study is exciting because it demonstrates that age does【M8】______ not need to be a passive process," said study author and neuroscientist Dr Yonas Geda. "By simply engaging in cognitive exercise, you can protect against future memory loss. Of course, the challenge with this type of research is what we are relying on【M9】______ past memories of the participants, therefore we need to conform【M10】______ these findings with additional research."
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第2题
-class young. They are【M1】______ highly visible—and inaudible—as they clog city centres on【M2】______ Saturday nights. But a chapter in a forthcoming book, Intoxication and Society, by Philip Withington, a Cambridge historian, argues that it was the educated elite whom taught Britons how to drink to【M3】______ excess. In the 17th century, England experienced a rise in educational enrolment unsurpassedly until the early 20th century. Illiteracy inclined and the universities of Cambridge and Oxford,【M4】______ as well as the Inns of Court and Chancery where barristers learned their craft, brimming with affluent young men. This was the【M5】______ crucial period which modern drinking culture was formed. Mr【M6】______ Withingtons description of 17th-century drinking practices will sound familiar to anybody who has been within a few miles of a British university. It was characterised by two conflicting aims. Men were to consume large qualities of alcohol in keeping with【M7】______ conventions of excess. Yet they also supposed to remain in control【M8】______ of their faculties, bantering and displaying wit. Students and would-be lawyers formed drinking societies, where they learned the social—and drinking—skills required of gentlemen. A market in instruction quickly emerged. Collections filled with jokes, quotes and fun facts proliferated, promised to teach, as【M9】______ John Cotgraves Wits Interpreter put it, "the art of drinking, by a most learned method". Mirroring the standardisation of language after the invention of the printing press, codes of intoxication were disseminated to many a wider audience as society became more【M10】______ literate and censorship declined.
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第3题
e than in the past. "Old ladies" are already becoming rare. In a few years, we may well believe, they will be extinctive. Ugliness is one of the symptoms of disease. In【M1】______ so far as the campaign for more beauty is also a campaign for more health, it is admirable but genuinely successful. Beauty that is【M2】______ merely the artificial shadow of these symptoms of health is intrinsically poorer quality than the genuine article. The apparatus【M3】______ for mimicking the symptoms of health is now within the reach of every moderately prosperity person; the knowledge of the way in【M4】______ which real health can be achieved is growing, and will in time, no doubt, universally acted upon. When that happy moment comes,【M5】______ will every woman be beautiful—as beautiful, at any rate, as the natural shape of his features, with or without surgical and chemical【M6】______ aid permits? The answer is obvious: No. For real beauty is as much an affair of the inner as the outer self. The beauty of a porcelain jar is【M7】______ the matter of shape, of colour, of surface texture. The jar may be【M8】______ empty or tenanted by spiders, full of honey or stinking slime—it makes no difference as to its beauty or ugliness. But a woman is【M9】______ lively, and her beauty is therefore not skin deep. The surface of the【M10】______ human vessel is affected by the nature of its spiritual contents.
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第4题
the pursuit of happiness. Some came fleeting religious persecution. Others came for the possibility of a【M1】______ better life. But all were inspired by the freedoms that exist in the United States because of the rule of law. Throughout our history, immigrants have contributed to American society and help build the American dream. But today【M2】______ we face with an immigration crisis. Lax enforcement of our【M3】______ immigration laws threatens the promise of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness that has made America that it is today. In【M4】______ order to protect the American dream, we must enforce our immigration laws. According to a report by the Government Accountability Office, only 44 percent of the U.S.-Mexico border is under the "operational control" of the U.S. Border Patrol. Forty-four percent is a failure grade. Holes in the security of our borders threaten【M5】______ American lives. The first promise of the American dream is "life." In order to protect that promise, we must secure the U.S.-Mexico border. We must also do more to prohibit Americans from criminal【M6】______ illegal immigrants. Despite the Obama administration has【M7】______ increased the deportation of criminal immigrants, two Supreme Court rulings created a safe haven for dangerous criminal immigrants who can be removed. Because these rulings prohibit【M8】______ criminal immigrants from detained longer than six months【M9】______ when they cannot be deported, federal officials have been forced to【M10】______ release thousands of criminal immigrants into our communities. Tragically, many have gone on to commit more crimes, including murder.
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第5题
stest growing economies—has implications for journalism around the world. With approaching 100 round-the-clock news channels—unrivalled in any other country—India boasts the worlds most linguistic diverse news【M1】______ landscape. This offers exciting opportunities, as well challenges to【M2】______ professional journalists and scholars of international journalism. The India Media Centre, the worlds first academic centre which dedicated to studying globalizing tendencies of media【M3】______ in India, is organizing the pioneering conference to address【M4】______ the implications of this major media development. This international gathering will bring together journalists and journalism scholars around the world to examine the changing face【M5】______ of journalism in India and their impact on the rest of the world.【M6】______ According to the World Association of Newspapers, the sale of newspapers in India is booming: circulation grew by 46 per cent between 2000 and 2008 and more than 99 million copies of newspapers were sold in India every day. The Times of India is【M7】______ now the worlds largest circulating, English-language "quality"【M8】______ newspaper. From FM and community radio to online media, journalists are finding new ways to communicate with a requiring【M9】______ and fragmenting audience, including a young and vocal, middle-class diaspora. International media groups—from financial, to sport journalism to entertainment news—are extending and embedding their operations into that is one of the worlds biggest【M10】______ news bazaars.
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第6题
ple-sounding directive, moreover, is【M1】______ often difficult for those with depression to follow because one common symptom of the disease is denial or lack of aware. This【M2】______ can be frustrated for well-meaning family and friends—and is one【M3】______ of the key ways that treating mental illness is different from treating other illnesses. The challenge for a person with a depressed spouse, relative or close friend who refuses to get treatment is how to change defiant persons mind. Reality show-style. interventions and tough【M4】______ love are rarely successful, experts say. But there are techniques that can help. The key is to try and avoid a debate over if your【M5】______ loved one is sick and instead of look for common ground.【M6】______ "Depression makes a person see the world by gray-colored【M7】______ glasses," says Xavier Amador, a clinical psychologist and director of the LEAP Institute in Taconic, NY, who trains mental-health【M8】______ doctors and family members how to overcome a mentally ill persons denial of their disease. At the LEAP Institute, they teach mental-health professions how to build enough trust with the【M9】______ mentally ill person that he will follow advice even if he wont admit to sick. LEAP is an acronym for "listen reflectively,【M10】______ empathize strategically, agree on common ground and partner on shared goals."
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第7题
f high violent crime rates, thefts, robberies, and inner-city decay suddenly started to turn around. Crime rates didnt just hold steadily, and they began falling faster than【M1】______ they went up. That trend appeared in practically every【M2】______ post-industrial American city, simultaneously. "The drop of crime in the 1990s effected all geographic areas【M3】______ and demographic groups," Steven D. Levitt wrote in his landmark paper on the subject, Understanding Why Crime Fell in the 1990s, and elucidated further in a best-selling book Freakonomics. "It【M4】______ was unanticipated that it was widely dismissed as temporary or【M5】______ illusory long after it had begun." He went on to tie the drop to the legalization of abortion 20 years much earlier, dismissing police【M6】______ tactics as a cause but they failed to explain the universality and【M7】______ unexpectedness of the change. Alfred Blumsteins The Crime Drop in America pinned the cause of crime solely on the crack epidemic but gave the credit for its appearance to those self-same【M8】______ policing strategies. Plenty of other theories have been offered to account for the double-digit decrease in violence, from the advent of "broken windows" policies, three strikes laws, changing demographics, gun control laws, and the increasing prevalence of cellphones or an【M9】______ upturn in the economy and cultural shifts in American society. Some of these theories have disproven outright while others【M10】______ require a healthy dose of assumption to turn correlation into causation.
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第8题
s but of much higher speed than【M1】______ before. It provides you with faster connection, faster Internet【M2】______ access, and music entertainment with improved quality. The benefits are of immense. You can avail the benefits of video【M3】______ calling. You can call your friend and have a video call facility. The clarity is better and the facility can be enjoyed as long as both of you are using the 3G technology. With 3G technology it is impossible to access any site on the【M4】______ Internet by using your phone as a modem for your computer or laptop and mail the important documents. Download games and【M5】______ songs is much faster with this technology. You can download your favorite games into your mobile and start playing. You can also download the music videos or simply the songs. The technology enable for much faster download. Because it will take only few【M6】______ minutes to download movie clips or albums. You can use your favorite search engines to find the【M7】______ information on news headlines, get information about the evening weather so that you can plan your party. You can find out the latest baseball score and any latest news about your favorite sport. The 3G phones with its advanced feature will also enable you to watch【M8】______ excited highlights of your favorite sport. With the increased speed【M9】______ and improved quality of the services provided in the 3G phones, you can view the multimedia data applications as movie clips and【M10】______ the music videos with clearer picture than with the 2.5G technology mobiles.
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第9题
companies enjoy earning huge profits from people suffering with chronic pain. Pain management clinics flourish throughout the world. Most conventional medicine【M1】______ prescribed for pain addresses a contemporary symptom removal(if【M2】______ you are lucky)rather than curing the cause of the pain. There are many "pain management" drugs and techniques. Most of these will dry up to your savings and at the end of the day you will still suffer【M3】______ from pain. This is not the worst part, but rather what your liver, kidneys【M4】______ and other organic eventually become poisoned by long-term use of【M5】______ synthetic drugs that is the most devastating to your health. Pain drugs are also addicted which will eventually cause other diseases.【M6】______ Useful pain management techniques, whether they involve【M7】______ poisonous drugs, pulsating your body parts with low voltage, rubbing your skin or using other inventions, only postpone the agony while the disease behind it will continue thriving. Many smart philosophers mention that the best way to keep young and healthy is to put food in your mouth that is healing: e.g. treat your food as your medicine while your medicine as your【M8】______ food. People following this simple prescription live to be good into【M9】______ their nineties or even hundreds and they feel thirty to fifty years younger than they really are. Cultures follow this principle have【M10】______ some of the healthiest seniors around.
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第10题
, child development, and cognitive science. One central focus has been on the issue of why students【M1】______ learn and teachers teach best, and discovery learning versus direct instruction has been a contented debate in modern educational【M2】______ theory and practice. Stemmed from the theoretical perspective of【M3】______ constructivism, discovery learning is believed to be a tool for facilitating the creation and organization of knowledge, as well as the transfer of that knowledge across different contexts. This approach contrasts with views that emphasize direct instruction from teacher to student. This entry addresses the following central issues: how discovery learning is defined, the empirical evidence in favor of discovery learning or direct instruction, and the facilitation of discovery and transfer. Discovery learning is a general approach that involves minded participation and active inquiry in the acquisition of【M4】______ concepts and strategies. In classroom contexts, it refers to a form. of curriculum which students are encouraged to actively explore【M5】______ and figure out the concepts, solutions, or strategies at the hand. A【M6】______ widely accepted idea is that discovery learning is the least【M7】______ appropriate and effective approach to facilitate deep and lasting【M8】______ understanding. This approach is often contrasted with direct instruction or expository learning, which typically refers traditional,【M9】______ content-oriented methods that the instructor lectures to students.【M10】______ Learning associated with direct instruction is often believed to be less engaged and less active, and thus less effective.
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