According to paragraph 4, which of the following is NOT an explanation for why a group of

第1题

The word "undisputed" in the passage is closest in meaning toTHE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMEN

The word "undisputed" in the passage is closest in meaning to

THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G.

点击查看答案

第2题

In paragraph 3, why does the author provide information about the types of crops grown and

boats used in Southeast Asia during the period around 5000 b.c.e.?

SP

E.

C.ULA.T

I.O

N. O

N. T

H.

E. OR

I.

G.

I.

N. O

F. T

H.

E.S

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

B.

E.

G.A.

N. A.S SOO

N. A.S OUTS

I.

D.

E.RS

E.

N.

C.OU

N.T

E.R

E.

D. T

H.

E.

M.;

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

B.S

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. SOL

I.

D. L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C., A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L, A.

N.

D.

B.

I.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L

D.A.TA.,

M.A.

N.Y

F.A.

N.

C.

I.

F.UL A.

N.

D.

M.UTUA.LLY

E.X

C.LUS

I.V

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S W

E.R

E.

D.

E.V

I.S

E.SX

B.

D.. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E. VA.R

I.OUSLY T

H.OU

G.

H.T TO

H.A.V

E.

C.O

M.

E.

F.RO

M.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A., SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.,

E.

G.YPT,

I.SRA.

E.L, A.

N.

D.

I.

N.

D.

I.A., A.S W

E.LL A.S SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A..

M.A.

N.Y OL

D.

E.R T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S

I.

M.PL

I.

C.

I.TLY

D.

E.PR

E.

C.A.T

E.

D. T

H.

E.

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

I.O

N.A.L A.

B.

I.L

I.T

I.

E.S A.

N.

D. OV

E.RA.LL

C.ULTURA.L

C.R

E.A.T

I.V

I.TY O

F. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS.

F.OR

E.XA.

M.PL

E.,

B.R

I.T

I.S

H. A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.

I.STS SX

B.

G..

E.LL

I.OT S

M.

I.T

H. A.

N.

D. W. SX

B.

J.. P

E.RRY A.SSU

M.

E.

D. T

H.A.T O

N.LY

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S WOUL

D.

H.A.V

E.

B.

E.

N. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. TO

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

E. A.

N.

D.

C.OLO

N.

I.Z

E. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.SX

B.

C.. T

H.

E.Y

I.

N.

F.

E.RR

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S

E.V

E.

N.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. TO

F.OU

N.

D. T

H.

E.

G.R

E.A.T

C.

I.V

I.L

I.ZA.T

I.O

N.S O

F. T

H.

E.

N.

E.W WORL

D.(

N.ORT

H. A.

N.

D. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.).

I.

N. 1947

N.ORW

E.

G.

I.A.

N. A.

D.V

E.

N.TUR

E.R T

H.OR

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L

D.R

I.

F.T

E.

D. O

N. A.

B.A.LSA.-LO

G. RA.

F.T W

E.STWA.R

D. W

I.T

H. T

H.

E. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS A.

C.ROSS T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A. TO PROV

E.

H.

I.S T

H.

E.ORY T

H.A.T PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E.

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S(A.LSO

C.A.LL

E.

D. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.

I.

N.

D.

I.A.

N.S). LA.T

E.R

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L SU

G.

E.ST

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. WA.S P

E.OPL

E.

D.

B.Y T

H.R

E.

M.

I.

G.RA.T

I.O

N.S:

B.Y

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S

F.RO

M. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

N.ORT

H.W

E.ST O

F.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

H.A.WA.

I.

I.,

B.Y P

E.RUV

I.A.

N.S

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

E.A.ST

E.R

I.SLA.

N.

D., A.

N.

D.

B.Y

M.

E.LA.

N.

E.S

I.A.

N.S.

I.

N. 1969

H.

E.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. A.TLA.

N.T

I.

C.

I.

N. A.

N.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.-STYL

E. R

E.

D.

B.OA.T TO PROV

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.

I.

N.

F.LU

E.

N.

C.

E.S

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.S.

C.O

N.TRA.RY TO T

H.

E.S

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.STS, T

H.

E. OV

E.RW

H.

E.L

M.

I.

N.

G.

E.V

I.

D.

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. P

H.YS

I.

C.A.L A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.Y, L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C.S, A.

N.

D. A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.Y S

H.OWS T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

C.A.

M.

E.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A. A.

N.

D. W

E.R

E. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. A.S

N.A.V

I.

G.A.TORS TO SA.

I.L A.

G.A.

I.

N.ST T

H.

E. PR

E.VA.

I.L

I.

N.

G. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS.

点击查看答案

第3题

All of the following are mentioned in paragraph 3 as required for successful colonization

of the Pacific islands EXCEPT

SP

E.

C.ULA.T

I.O

N. O

N. T

H.

E. OR

I.

G.

I.

N. O

F. T

H.

E.S

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

B.

E.

G.A.

N. A.S SOO

N. A.S OUTS

I.

D.

E.RS

E.

N.

C.OU

N.T

E.R

E.

D. T

H.

E.

M.;

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

B.S

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. SOL

I.

D. L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C., A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L, A.

N.

D.

B.

I.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L

D.A.TA.,

M.A.

N.Y

F.A.

N.

C.

I.

F.UL A.

N.

D.

M.UTUA.LLY

E.X

C.LUS

I.V

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S W

E.R

E.

D.

E.V

I.S

E.SX

B.

D.. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E. VA.R

I.OUSLY T

H.OU

G.

H.T TO

H.A.V

E.

C.O

M.

E.

F.RO

M.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A., SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.,

E.

G.YPT,

I.SRA.

E.L, A.

N.

D.

I.

N.

D.

I.A., A.S W

E.LL A.S SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A..

M.A.

N.Y OL

D.

E.R T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S

I.

M.PL

I.

C.

I.TLY

D.

E.PR

E.

C.A.T

E.

D. T

H.

E.

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

I.O

N.A.L A.

B.

I.L

I.T

I.

E.S A.

N.

D. OV

E.RA.LL

C.ULTURA.L

C.R

E.A.T

I.V

I.TY O

F. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS.

F.OR

E.XA.

M.PL

E.,

B.R

I.T

I.S

H. A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.

I.STS SX

B.

G..

E.LL

I.OT S

M.

I.T

H. A.

N.

D. W. SX

B.

J.. P

E.RRY A.SSU

M.

E.

D. T

H.A.T O

N.LY

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S WOUL

D.

H.A.V

E.

B.

E.

N. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. TO

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

E. A.

N.

D.

C.OLO

N.

I.Z

E. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.SX

B.

C.. T

H.

E.Y

I.

N.

F.

E.RR

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S

E.V

E.

N.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. TO

F.OU

N.

D. T

H.

E.

G.R

E.A.T

C.

I.V

I.L

I.ZA.T

I.O

N.S O

F. T

H.

E.

N.

E.W WORL

D.(

N.ORT

H. A.

N.

D. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.).

I.

N. 1947

N.ORW

E.

G.

I.A.

N. A.

D.V

E.

N.TUR

E.R T

H.OR

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L

D.R

I.

F.T

E.

D. O

N. A.

B.A.LSA.-LO

G. RA.

F.T W

E.STWA.R

D. W

I.T

H. T

H.

E. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS A.

C.ROSS T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A. TO PROV

E.

H.

I.S T

H.

E.ORY T

H.A.T PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E.

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S(A.LSO

C.A.LL

E.

D. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.

I.

N.

D.

I.A.

N.S). LA.T

E.R

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L SU

G.

E.ST

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. WA.S P

E.OPL

E.

D.

B.Y T

H.R

E.

M.

I.

G.RA.T

I.O

N.S:

B.Y

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S

F.RO

M. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

N.ORT

H.W

E.ST O

F.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

H.A.WA.

I.

I.,

B.Y P

E.RUV

I.A.

N.S

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

E.A.ST

E.R

I.SLA.

N.

D., A.

N.

D.

B.Y

M.

E.LA.

N.

E.S

I.A.

N.S.

I.

N. 1969

H.

E.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. A.TLA.

N.T

I.

C.

I.

N. A.

N.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.-STYL

E. R

E.

D.

B.OA.T TO PROV

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.

I.

N.

F.LU

E.

N.

C.

E.S

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.S.

C.O

N.TRA.RY TO T

H.

E.S

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.STS, T

H.

E. OV

E.RW

H.

E.L

M.

I.

N.

G.

E.V

I.

D.

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. P

H.YS

I.

C.A.L A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.Y, L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C.S, A.

N.

D. A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.Y S

H.OWS T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

C.A.

M.

E.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A. A.

N.

D. W

E.R

E. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. A.S

N.A.V

I.

G.A.TORS TO SA.

I.L A.

G.A.

I.

N.ST T

H.

E. PR

E.VA.

I.L

I.

N.

G. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS.

点击查看答案

第4题

The word "implements" in the passage is closest in meaning toSPE.C.ULA.TI.ON. ON. TH.E. OR

The word "implements" in the passage is closest in meaning to

SP

E.

C.ULA.T

I.O

N. O

N. T

H.

E. OR

I.

G.

I.

N. O

F. T

H.

E.S

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

B.

E.

G.A.

N. A.S SOO

N. A.S OUTS

I.

D.

E.RS

E.

N.

C.OU

N.T

E.R

E.

D. T

H.

E.

M.;

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

B.S

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. SOL

I.

D. L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C., A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L, A.

N.

D.

B.

I.OLO

G.

I.

C.A.L

D.A.TA.,

M.A.

N.Y

F.A.

N.

C.

I.

F.UL A.

N.

D.

M.UTUA.LLY

E.X

C.LUS

I.V

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S W

E.R

E.

D.

E.V

I.S

E.SX

B.

D.. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E. VA.R

I.OUSLY T

H.OU

G.

H.T TO

H.A.V

E.

C.O

M.

E.

F.RO

M.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A., SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.,

E.

G.YPT,

I.SRA.

E.L, A.

N.

D.

I.

N.

D.

I.A., A.S W

E.LL A.S SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A..

M.A.

N.Y OL

D.

E.R T

H.

E.OR

I.

E.S

I.

M.PL

I.

C.

I.TLY

D.

E.PR

E.

C.A.T

E.

D. T

H.

E.

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

I.O

N.A.L A.

B.

I.L

I.T

I.

E.S A.

N.

D. OV

E.RA.LL

C.ULTURA.L

C.R

E.A.T

I.V

I.TY O

F. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS.

F.OR

E.XA.

M.PL

E.,

B.R

I.T

I.S

H. A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.

I.STS SX

B.

G..

E.LL

I.OT S

M.

I.T

H. A.

N.

D. W. SX

B.

J.. P

E.RRY A.SSU

M.

E.

D. T

H.A.T O

N.LY

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S WOUL

D.

H.A.V

E.

B.

E.

N. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. TO

N.A.V

I.

G.A.T

E. A.

N.

D.

C.OLO

N.

I.Z

E. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.SX

B.

C.. T

H.

E.Y

I.

N.

F.

E.RR

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.S

E.V

E.

N.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. TO

F.OU

N.

D. T

H.

E.

G.R

E.A.T

C.

I.V

I.L

I.ZA.T

I.O

N.S O

F. T

H.

E.

N.

E.W WORL

D.(

N.ORT

H. A.

N.

D. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.).

I.

N. 1947

N.ORW

E.

G.

I.A.

N. A.

D.V

E.

N.TUR

E.R T

H.OR

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L

D.R

I.

F.T

E.

D. O

N. A.

B.A.LSA.-LO

G. RA.

F.T W

E.STWA.R

D. W

I.T

H. T

H.

E. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS A.

C.ROSS T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A. TO PROV

E.

H.

I.S T

H.

E.ORY T

H.A.T PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS W

E.R

E.

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S(A.LSO

C.A.LL

E.

D. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.

I.

N.

D.

I.A.

N.S). LA.T

E.R

H.

E.Y

E.R

D.A.

H.L SU

G.

E.ST

E.

D. T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C. WA.S P

E.OPL

E.

D.

B.Y T

H.R

E.

M.

I.

G.RA.T

I.O

N.S:

B.Y

N.A.T

I.V

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

N.S

F.RO

M. T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

N.ORT

H.W

E.ST O

F.

N.ORT

H. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

H.A.WA.

I.

I.,

B.Y P

E.RUV

I.A.

N.S

D.R

I.

F.T

I.

N.

G. TO

E.A.ST

E.R

I.SLA.

N.

D., A.

N.

D.

B.Y

M.

E.LA.

N.

E.S

I.A.

N.S.

I.

N. 1969

H.

E.

C.ROSS

E.

D. T

H.

E. A.TLA.

N.T

I.

C.

I.

N. A.

N.

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.-STYL

E. R

E.

D.

B.OA.T TO PROV

E.

G.YPT

I.A.

N.

I.

N.

F.LU

E.

N.

C.

E.S

I.

N. T

H.

E. A.

M.

E.R

I.

C.A.S.

C.O

N.TRA.RY TO T

H.

E.S

E. T

H.

E.OR

I.STS, T

H.

E. OV

E.RW

H.

E.L

M.

I.

N.

G.

E.V

I.

D.

E.

N.

C.

E. O

F. P

H.YS

I.

C.A.L A.

N.T

H.ROPOLO

G.Y, L

I.

N.

G.U

I.ST

I.

C.S, A.

N.

D. A.R

C.

H.A.

E.OLO

G.Y S

H.OWS T

H.A.T T

H.

E. PA.

C.

I.

F.

I.

C.

I.SLA.

N.

D.

E.RS

C.A.

M.

E.

F.RO

M. SOUT

H.

E.A.ST A.S

I.A. A.

N.

D. W

E.R

E. S

K.

I.LL

E.

D.

E.

N.OU

G.

H. A.S

N.A.V

I.

G.A.TORS TO SA.

I.L A.

G.A.

I.

N.ST T

H.

E. PR

E.VA.

I.L

I.

N.

G. W

I.

N.

D.S A.

N.

D.

C.URR

E.

N.TS.

点击查看答案

第5题

Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 2 about early theories of where the

first inhabitants of the Pacific islands came from?

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

点击查看答案

第6题

According to paragraph 2, which of the following led some early researchers to believe tha

t the Pacific islanders originally came from Egypt?

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

点击查看答案

第7题

The word "overwhelming" in the passage is closest in meaning toREAD THE PASSAGE. THEN ANSW

The word "overwhelming" in the passage is closest in meaning to

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

点击查看答案

第8题

By stating that the theories are "mutually exclusive" the author means thatREAD THE PASSAG

By stating that the theories are "mutually exclusive" the author means that

READ THE PASSAG

E. THEN ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. GIVE YOURSELF 20 MINUTES TO COMPLETE THIS PRACTICE SET. THE ORIGIN OF THE PACIFIC ISLAND PEOPLE THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000. SPECULATION ON THE ORIGIN OF THESE PACIFIC ISLANDERS BEGAN AS SOON AS OUTSIDERS ENCOUNTERED THEM; IN THE ABSENCE OF SOLID LINGUISTIC, ARCHAEOLOGICAL, AND BIOLOGICAL DATA, MANY FANCIFUL AND MUTUALLY EXCLUSIVE THEORIES WERE DEVISE

D. PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE VARIOUSLY THOUGHT TO HAVE COME FROM NORTH AMERICA, SOUTH AMERICA, EGYPT, ISRAEL, AND INDIA, AS WELL AS SOUTHEAST ASIA. MANY OLDER THEORIES IMPLICITLY DEPRECATED THE NAVIGATIONAL ABILITIES AND OVERALL CULTURAL CREATIVITY OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS. FOR EXAMPLE, BRITISH ANTHROPOLOGISTS

G. ELLIOT SMITH AND W.

J. PERRY ASSUMED THAT ONLY EGYPTIANS WOULD HAVE BEEN SKILLED ENOUGH TO NAVIGATE AND COLONIZE THE PACIFI

C. THEY INFERRED THAT THE EGYPTIANS EVEN CROSSED THE PACIFIC TO FOUND THE GREAT CIVILIZATIONS OF THE NEW WORLD(NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA). IN 1947 NORWEGIAN ADVENTURER THOR HEYERDAHL DRIFTED ON A BALSA-LOG RAFT WESTWARD WITH THE WINDS AND CURRENTS ACROSS THE PACIFIC FROM SOUTH AMERICA TO PROVE HIS THEORY THAT PACIFIC ISLANDERS WERE NATIVE AMERICANS(ALSO CALLED AMERICAN INDIANS). LATER HEYERDAHL SUGGESTED THAT THE PACIFIC WAS PEOPLED BY THREE MIGRATIONS: BY NATIVE AMERICANS FROM THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST OF NORTH AMERICA DRIFTING TO HAWAII, BY PERUVIANS DRIFTING TO EASTER ISLAND, AND BY MELANESIANS. IN 1969 HE CROSSED THE ATLANTIC IN AN EGYPTIAN-STYLE. REED BOAT TO PROVE EGYPTIAN INFLUENCES IN THE AMERICAS. CONTRARY TO THESE THEORISTS, THE OVERWHELMING EVIDENCE OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, LINGUISTICS, AND ARCHAEOLOGY SHOWS THAT THE PACIFIC ISLANDERS CAME FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA AND WERE SKILLED ENOUGH AS NAVIGATORS TO SAIL AGAINST THE PREVAILING WINDS AND CURRENTS. THE BASIC CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS FOR THE SUCCESSFUL COLONIZATION OF THE PACIFIC ISLANDS INCLUDE THE APPROPRIATE BOAT-BUILDING, SAILING, AND NAVIGATION SKILLS TO GET TO THE ISLANDS IN THE FIRST PLACE; DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND GARDENING SKILLS SUITED TO OFTEN MARGINAL CONDITIONS; AND A VARIED INVENTORY OF FISHING IMPLEMENTS AND TECHNIQUES. IT IS NOW GENERALLY BELIEVED THAT THESE PREREQUISITES ORIGINATED WITH PEOPLES SPEAKING AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES(A GROUP OF SEVERAL HUNDRED RELATED LANGUAGES)AND BEGAN TO EMERGE IN SOUTHEAST ASIA BY ABOUT 5000

B.

C.

E. THE CULTURE OF THAT TIME, BASED ON ARCHAEOLOGY AND LINGUISTIC RECONSTRUCTION, IS ASSUMED TO HAVE HAD A BROAD INVENTORY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS INCLUDING TARO, YAMS, BANANA, SUGARCANE, BREADFRUIT, COCONUT, SAGO, AND RIC

E. JUST AS IMPORTANT, THE CULTURE ALSO POSSESSED THE BASIC FOUNDATION FOR AN EFFECTIVE MARITIME ADAPTATION, INCLUDING OUTRIGGER CANOES AND A VARIETY OF FISHING TECHNIQUES THAT COULD BE EFFECTIVE FOR OVERSEAS VOYAGIN

G. CONTRARY TO THE ARGUMENTS OF SOME THAT MUCH OF THE PACIFIC WAS SETTLED BY POLYNESIANS ACCIDENTALLY MAROONED AFTER BEING LOST AND ADRIFT, IT SEEMS REASONABLE THAT THIS FEAT WAS ACCOMPLISHED BY DELIBERATE COLONIZATION EXPEDITIONS THAT SET OUT FULLY STOCKED WITH FOOD AND DOMESTICATED PLANTS AND ANIMALS. DETAILED STUDIES OF THE WINDS AND CURRENTS USING COMPUTER SIMULATIONS SUGGEST THAT DRIFTING CANOES WOULD HAVE BEEN A MOST UNLIKELY MEANS OF COLONIZING THE PACIFI

C. THESE EXPEDITIONS WERE LIKELY DRIVEN BY POPULATION GROWTH AND POLITICAL DYNAMICS ON THE HOME ISLANDS, AS WELL AS THE CHALLENGE AND EXCITEMENT OF EXPLORING UNKNOWN WATERS. BECAUSE ALL POLYNESIANS, MICRONESIANS, AND MANY MELANESIANS SPEAK AUSTRONESIAN LANGUAGES AND GROW CROPS DERIVED FROM SOUTHEAST ASIA, ALL THESE PEOPLES MOST CERTAINLY DERIVED FROM THAT REGION AND NOT THE NEW WORLD OR ELSEWHER

E. THE UNDISPUTED PRE-COLUMBIAN PRESENCE IN OCEANIA OF THE SWEET POTATO, WHICH IS A NEW WORLD DOMESTICATE, HAS SOMETIMES BEEN USED TO SUPPORT HEYERDAHL"S "AMERICAN INDIANS IN THE PACIFIC" THEORIES. HOWEVER, THIS IS ONE PLANT OUT OF A LONG LIST OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN DOMESTICATES. AS PATRICK KIRCH, AN AMERICAN ANTHROPOLOGIST, POINTS OUT, RATHER THAN BEING BROUGHT BY RAFTING SOUTH AMERICANS, SWEET POTATOES MIGHT JUST HAVE EASILY BEEN BROUGHT BACK BY RETURNING POLYNESIAN NAVIGATORS WHO COULD HAVE REACHED THE WEST COAST OF SOUTH AMERICA. DIRECTIONS: NOW ANSWER THE QUESTIONS. THE GREATER PACIFIC REGION, TRADITIONALLY CALLED OCEANIA, CONSISTS OF THREE CULTURAL AREAS: MELANESIA, MICRONESIA, AND POLYNESIA. MELANESIA, IN THE SOUTHWEST PACIFIC, CONTAINS THE LARGE ISLANDS OF NEW GUINEA, THE SOLOMONS, VANUATU, AND NEW CALEDONIA. MICRONESIA, THE AREA NORTH OF MELANESIA, CONSISTS PRIMARILY OF SMALL SCATTERED ISLANDS. POLYNESIA IS THE CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA IN THE GREAT TRIANGLE DEFINED BY HAWAII, EASTER ISLAND, AND NEW ZEALAN

D. BEFORE THE ARRIVAL OF EUROPEANS, THE ISLANDS IN THE TWO LARGEST CULTURAL AREAS, POLYNESIA AND MICRONESIA, TOGETHER CONTAINED A POPULATION ESTIMATED AT 700,000.

点击查看答案

第9题

Why does the author mention "Indian mustard"?A．To warn about possible risks involved in ph

Why does the author mention "Indian mustard"?

A．To warn about possible risks involved in phytoremediation

B．To help illustrate the potential of phytoremediation

C．To show that hyperaccumulating plants grow in many regions of the world

D．To explain how zinc contamination can be reduced

点击查看答案

第10题

It can be inferred from paragraph 6 that compared with standard practices for remediation

of contaminated soils, phytoremediation

A．does not allow for the use of the removed minerals for industrial purposes

B．can be faster to implement

C．is equally friendly to the environment

D．is less suitable for soils that need to be used within a short period of time

点击查看答案