？Read the article below about coherence.？For each question 31—40 write one word in the spa

？Read the article below about coherence.

？For each question 31—40 write one word in the space on your Answer Sheet.

Coherence

Coherence determines whether a speech is logical and thus makes sense. The speaker must make (31) that his utterances and paragraphs are presented in a logical sequence se that his thoughts and ideas are readily acceptable. A speech may be compared (32) a freight train. The locomotive is the thematic statement in a speech that gives the train (speech) its direction. Each car is an utterance in a paragraph or a paragraph in a speech that must follow the (33) of the train, for it must go where the locomotive goes. It is couplings that hold the cars together, ensuring that all the cars will arrive at same destination as the locomotive. (34) ; the same way, a speaker must supply the links between the utterances and paragraphs to give his listeners a directional signal to indicate (35) is to follow and how it (36) to what is preceded.

Since transmitting ideas orally requires attention to the perceived coherence pf speaker's message, the audience do not have the luxury of going back (37) his points as they do in reading an essay; nor do they have punctuations the help them (38) one idea from another. Hence, speakers use signposts in the form. of carefully worded phrases and sentences to help listeners (39) the movement of ideas within a speech and perceive the overall message structure. Summaries are (40) signposts in ensuring that listeners are able to see the overall structure: preliminary and final summaries are especially helpful in laying our or pulling together the major divisions of the speech.

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