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第1题
It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that
A.the UK is reluctant to remold its economic pattern .
B.GDP as the measure of success is widely defied in the UK .
C.the UK will contribute less to the world economy .
D.policymakers in the UK are paying less attention to GDP .
第4题
al resources could help reduce the number of hungry people in the world by increasing farm output.
In a report released Monday, the Food and Agriculture Organization said if women had the same tools and resources as men, they could raise agricultural production in developing countries by 2. 5 to 4 percent. The FAO said that increase in food production could reduce the number of undernourished people by as much as 17 percent.
The FAO report said women make up 43 percent of the agricultural workforce in developing countries, but only 10 to 20 percent of the women own the land they farm and they find it more difficult to get credit to buy better seeds and fertilizers. As a result, the FAO said, women farmers are currently less productive than their male counterparts.
第5题
of your friend's hometown. You should write a letter to your friend to show the sympathy. You'should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Zhang Wei" instead. Do not write the address. (10 points)
第6题
urting the poor but have yet to reach a crisis level. The U. N. body says if the price of oil continues to increase the region's food prices will follow suit.
Konuma says the region's rice production is expected to increase by more than two percent this "year while wheat production will decline about four percent.
The FAO says world food prices hit a record high in February as the cost of oil was driven up by political instability in the Middle East and North Africa.
Despite adequate supplies of rice, some Asian nations appear to be concerned that rising oil costs could eventually affect food supplies.
Reports say Burma in February halted all rice exports.
Burma is not a major rice producer but the move indicates concerns that rice prices may rise as transportation costs increase.
Konuma says the FAO is carefully monitoring oil prices for any affects on Asia.
第7题
Part B (10 points)
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about smart cards and mobile phones. Choose the most suitable heading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraph (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two extra headings which you do not need to use.
A. Energising money
B. The dilemma of smart-card systems
C. The future of money
D. Sending money home
E. Flashing the plastic
F. A cash call
G. How to pay in Tokyo
Smart cards and mobile phones are quickly emerging as ways to pay with electronic cash.
(41)______.
Nowadays, some of the hottest nightclubs have a new trick for checking the identity of their VIP guests: they send an entry pass in the form. of a super bar code to their mobile phones. Mobile phones are becoming an increasingly popular way to make all sorts of payments. In America fans of the Atlanta Hawks have been testing specially adapted Nokia handsets linked to their Visa cards to enter their local stadium and to buy refreshments. It reckons worldwide payments using mobile phones will climb from just $3.2 billion in 2003 to more than $37 billion by 2008.
(42)______.
More banking services are also being offered on mobiles. On February 12th, 19 telephone operators with networks in over 100 countries said that people would be able to use their handsets to send money abroad. MasterCard will operate the system in which remittances will be sent as text messages. Sir John Bond, formerly chairman of the HSBC banking group and now chairman of Vodafone, has long been convinced that payments and mobiles would somehow converge. "Mobile phones have the ability to make a dramatic change to village life in Africa", he says.
(43)______.
The various "contactless" payment systems rely on a technology called "near-field communication" (NFC). But mobile phones can be much smarter. They can be deactivated remotely; they have a screen which can show information, like a credit balance and product information; they have a keyboard to enter information and they can communicate. This means they can also be used to authorize larger payments by entering PIN codes directly on the handset or topped up with stored credit from an online bank account without having to go to an ATM.
(44)______.
To see the potential of mobile-phone money, start in Japan. Most Japanese have at least one credit card, but they tend to stay in their owners' pockets. Housewives routinely peel off crisp Y10,000 ($82) notes to pay for their shopping. Utility bills and other invoices are dutifully taken to the bank and paid in cash, or more likely these days at the local convenience store. Yet despite the popularity of cash, the mobile phone is starting to change even Japan's traditional habits".
However, many smart-card systems do not work with each other, but that will change on March 18th when 26 railways and 75 bus companies in the greater Tokyo area will begin sharing a new stored-value system, called Pasmo. This too will be available both as a plastic smart-card or built into mobile phones.
(45)______.
Unlike the Japanese, Americans prefer to use plastic for their purchases. Cards account for more than half of all transactions, up from 29% a decade ago, according to Nilson Report, a trade publication. More than 1.5 billion credit cards are stuffed into Americans' wallets. The average household has more than ten. Banks and credit-card firms hope to convert more cash and cheque payments to plastic with new smart cards. Some versions are already very successful. Many Americans use EasyPass, in which drivers pay for highway tolls wirelessly.
A decade ago some observers predicted that internet banking would render retail banking from high-street branches obsolete.
第8题
how great interest in sports. As a journalist in Campus Newspaper, you plan to write a special report about University students' sport habits. Write a letter of request to your schoolmates to gather relevant information.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use "Li Ming" instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
第9题
researchers looked at walking speed and other health factors for almost 35,000 older adults. They followed the participants for up to 20 years. Dr. Stephanie Studenski at the University of Pittsburgh led the study.
"Your walking speed is a reflection of just how well many of your body's systems are doing," noted Studenski.
By timing walking speed and using the longevity charts, doctors can provide better care for their patients. For example, most doctors don't screen patients older than 70 for prostate cancer. But if a man is otherwise healthy and energetic, and expected to live at least 10 more years, he might benefit from the screening. For those who are less healthy, doctors could look for ways to improve their health and quality of life.
Dr. Studenski says the charts, while good, however, are not always indicators of longevity. Some people in good health just prefer to walk slowly.
第10题
Part B (10 points)
[A] With the drive of many women to strive to be equal with men, many women have chosen to work to prove themselves. While this is a worthy goal, it can be accomplished in more meaningful ways. With this desire to work like men do, women have sacrificed the family in their pursuit. Do not take this as an attack upon women, because men in their pursuit of wealth have equally sacrificed their family to gain wealth.
[B] Governments, too, should embrace the potential of women. Women complain (rightly) of centuries of exploitation. Yet, to an economist, women are not exploited enough: they are the world's most under-utilized resource; getting more of them into work is part of the solution to many economic woes, including shrinking populations and poverty.
[C] What is clear is that in countries such as Japan, Germany and Italy, which are all troubled by the demographics of shrinking populations, far fewer women work than in America, let alone Sweden. If female labor-force participation in these countries rose to American levels, it would give a helpful boost to these countries' growth rates. Likewise, in developing countries where girls are less likely to go to school than boys, investing in education would deliver huge economic and social returns. Not only will educated women be more productive, but they will also bring up better educated and healthier children. More women in government could also boost economic growth: studies show that women are more likely to spend money on improving health, education, infrastructure and poverty and less likely to waste it on tanks and bombs.
[D] Furthermore, the increase in female employment in the rich world has been the main driving force of growth in the past couple of decades. Those women have contributed more to global GDP growth than have either new technology or the new giants, China and India. Add the value of housework and child-rearing, and women probably account for just over half of world output. It is true that women still get paid less and few make it to the top of companies, but, as prejudice fades over coming years, women will have great scope to boost their productivity — and incomes.
[E] Girls get better grades at school than boys, and in most developed countries more women than men go to university. Women will thus be better equipped for the new jobs of the 21st century, in which brains count a lot more than brawn. In Britain far more women than men are now training to become doctors.
And women are more likely to provide sound advice on investing their parents' nest egg: surveys show that women consistently achieve higher financial returns than men do.
[F] Some people fret that if more women work rather than mind their children, this will boost GDP but create negative social externalities, such as a lower birth rate. Yet developed countries where more women work, such as Sweden and America, actually have higher birth rates than Japan and Italy, where women stay at home. Others fear that women's move into the paid labor force can come at the expense of children. Yet the evidence for this is mixed. For instance, a study by Suzanne Bianchi at Maryland University finds that mothers spent the same time, on average, on childcare in 2009 as in 1965. The increase in work outside the home was offset by less housework — and less spare time and less sleep.
[G] Even today in the modern, developed world, surveys show that parents still prefer to have a boy rather than a girl. One longstanding reason why boys have been seen as a greater blessing has been that they are expected to become better economic providers for their parents' old age. Yet it is time for parents to think again. Girls may now be a better investment.
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(41)
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