翻译 The Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security issued China's first elec
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problems arising from mass migration movements—themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.
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翻译 The national college entrance exam, known in Chinese as gaokao, - a make-or-break opportunity for Chinese students - started on Thursday, with a surge in test takers this year due to the "baby boom" at the start of the millennium.
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the film and television industry. Any illegal activities uncovered will be punished in line with the law, the State Administration of Taxation said in a statement released on Sunday.
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exercise with an aim of improving the ability to safeguard national sovereignty and territorial integrity, an air force spokesperson confirmed Thursday.
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of Hainan to deepen reform. and opening up, with details on turning it into a pilot free trade zone and creating a "free trade port with Chinese characteristics."
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翻译
A high-speed aerotrain that could run 400 to 500 kilometers per hour is being developed by China and Japan in a joint effort, the Chongqing Morning Post reported.
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housing market and better promote building the island into a pilot international free-trade zone.
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with all the far reaching changes in social patterns that followed—was spread over nearly a century, whereas nowadays a developing nation may undergo the same process in a decade or so.
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re feeling new wants and are being exposed to new customs and ideas, while governments are often forced to introduce still further innovations for the reasons given above.
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Part B (10 points)
You are going to read a text about the topic of nuclear fusion, followed by a list of explanations(or examples). Choose the best explanation/example from the list for each numbered subheading/generalization. There is one extra explanation/example which you do not need to use.
Scientists say they have achieved small-scale nuclear fusion in a tabletop experiment, using tried and true techniques that are expected to generate far less controversy than past such claims.
This latest experiment relied on a tiny crystal to generate a strong electric field. While the energy created was too small to harness cheap fusion power, the technique could have potential uses in medicine, spacecraft propulsion, the oil drilling industry and homeland security, said Seth Putterman, a physicist at the University of California at Los Angeles.
Putterman and his colleagues at UCLA, Brian Naranjo and Jim Gimzewski, report their results in Thursday's issue of the journal Nature.
(41) Held up to ridicule
Previous claims of tabletop fusion have been met with skepticism and even derision by physicists.
(42) Sound theoretical basis
Fusion experts said the UCLA experiment will face far less skepticism because it conforms to well-known principles of physics.
(43) Energy in waiting
Fusion power has been touted as the ultimate energy source and a cleaner alternative to fossil fuels like coal and oil. Fossil fuels are expected to run short in about 50 years.
(44) Process of fusion
In the UCL'A experiment, scientists placed a tiny crystal that can generate a strong electric field into a vacuum chamber filled with deuterium gas, a form. of hydrogen capable of fusion. Then the researchers activated the crystal by heating it.
(45) Commercial uses
UCLA's Putterman said future experiments will focus on refining the technique for potential commercial uses, including designing portable neutron generators that could be used for oil well drilling or scanning luggage and cargo at airports.
In the Nature report, Putterman and his colleagues said the crystal-based method could be used in "microthrusters for miniature spacecraft". In such an application, the method would not rely on nuclear fusion for power generation, But rather on ion propulsion, Putterman said.
"As wild as it is, that's a conservative application", he said.
A. In fusion, light atoms are joined in a high-temperature process that frees large amounts of energy. It is considered environmentally friendly because it produces virtually no air pollution and does not pose the safety and long-term radioactive waste concerns associated with modern nuclear power plants, where heavy uranium atoms are split to create energy in a process known as fission.
B. The resulting electric field created a Beam of charged deuterium atoms that struck a nearby target, which was embedded with yet more deuterium. When some of the deuterium atoms in the beam collided with their counterparts in the target, they fused. The reaction gave off an isotope of helium along with subatomic particles known as neutrons, a characteristic of fusion. The experiment did not, however, produce more energy than the amount put in—an achievement that would be a huge breakthrough.
C. Another technique, known as sonoluminescence, generates heat through the collapse of tiny bubbles in a liquid. Some scientists claim that nuclear fusion occurs during the reaction, but those claims have sparked sharp debate.
D. In a Nature commentary, Michael Saltmarsh of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory said the process was in some ways "remarkably low-tech", drawing upon principles that were first recorded by the Greek philosopher Theophrastus in 314 B.C. "This doesn't have any controversy
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