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[主观题]

Ladies and Gentlemen, It is my pleasure to address you as a United Nations Goodwill Ambass

Ladies and Gentlemen,

It is my pleasure to address you as a United Nations Goodwill Ambassador to this Second WorldAssembly on Ageing, an honour which I truly welcome, and one which has provided me with an excellentopportunity to promote awareness of ageing. I congratulate the Secretary-General of the United Nations, thechairmen and the executive heads of the organizations of the United Nations system on their excellent work,the Chairman and Vice-Chairmen of the Preparatory Committee on their dedication, and the many individualswho have helped to make this Second World Assembly possible. [TONE]∥[TONE]

We are honoured to be hosting this world event in Spain. Our interest stems from our realization thatthe ageing of the population presents a challenge for which we must prepare ourselves and that we must beready to take advantage of the abilities of older persons. Therefore, in offering to be the host country, Spainwished to demonstrate its interest in policies for the integration of older persons and to give impetus to aninnovative debate in our society. [TONE]∥[TONE]

We are living through a period of major demographic change. The elderly are ever more numerous.That people are living longer and under better conditions, as a result of social progress, is one of humanity'sgreatest achievements. Older persons are a universal force with the potential to transform. the future. Thisglobal transformation is going to affect individuals, families, communities and virtually every area of society.[TONE]∥[TONE]

Accordingly, we must prepare ourselves for this new challenge by promoting changes in attitude towardsthis demographic revolution, which is taking place because of the increase in the number of older personsin the world. Achieving a society for all ages involves analysing society from a broader perspective andhighlights the role played by relations between the various generations making up society. Solidarity betweenthe generations in all areas of family, community and national life is essential for social cohesion. [TONE]∥[TONE]

We younger people must be increasingly aware that, in order to move forward in building a more just society, we must recognize the advances made by older generations and value their experience and currentabilities appropriately. At the same time, we must be able to transmit such values to coming generations.Inter-generational solidarity is a natural setting within which encounter, learning and exchange take placeamong individuals. It offers advantages to all and helps in achieving a more integrated society. [TONE]∥[TONE]

Together we will build a positive image of ageing, which should involve not simply prolonging life, but also ensuring that old age is healthy, independent, active and fully integrated in society. Ageing should be seen as astage in life during which men and women can still develop their skills, as active agents in our societies, in whichthey should continue to participate as full citizens with full social recognition. [TONE]∥[TONE]

I hope that all the proposals that result from this World Assembly will enable our society to face the challenges posed by the ageing of the population, and that they will be translated into practice by the greatestpossible number of countries in such a way that older persons will benefit from them as soon as possible.

Thank you. [TONE]∥[TONE]

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第1题

SECTION 2Optional Translation(30 points) A 17-year U. S. study has finally answered one of

SECTION 2 Optional Translation (30 points)

A 17-year U. S. study has finally answered one of the most pressing questions about diabetes: Can tight control of blood sugar prevent heart attacks and strokes?

The answer, reported Thursday in The New England Journal of Medicine, is yes. Intense control can reduce the risk by nearly half.

And, the study found, the effect occurred even though the patients had only had a relatively brief period of intense blood sugar control when they were young adults. None the less, more than a decade later, when they reached middle age, when heart disease and strokes normally start to appear, they were protected. The study involved those with Type 1 diabetes, which usually arises early in life and involves the death of insulin-secreting cells.

The question of whether rigid blood sugar control protects against heart disease and strokes has divided the field for decades, diabetes researchers said.

"It's really a major question that has been around for a long time," said Dr. Judith Fradkin, who directs diabetes research at the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases,

Researchers knew that diabetes was linked to heart disease — at least two-thirds of diabetics die of heart disease. But although studies showed that controlling blood sugar protects against damage to the eyes, kidneys and nerves, there was no conclusive evidence that it would have the same effect on heart disease and strokes.

"In that sense, this is a landmark study," said Fradkin.

But the result also gives rise to questions: Does the same effect occur in people with Type 2 diabetes, which usually occurs later in life and involves an inability to respond to insulin? And why would tight control of blood sugar for one brief period have such a pronounced effect later?

Fradkin said she expected the results would hold for Type 2 diabetes. Another large U. S. federal study is addressing that question, she notes, but it is already known that tight control of blood sugar in Type 2 diabetes protects against nerve, kidney and eye damage, just as it does with Type 1 diabetes. In addition, a study in Britain hinted — although it did not demonstrate — that Type 2 diabetics who keep their blood sugar low have less heart disease and strokes.

Fradkin said she hoped the emerging evidence and improving therapies would make a difference.

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第2题

China is in the midst of a developmental stage where advanced management knowledge and tec

hniques and advanced industrial automation technology and solutions are fundamental and necessary elements for China's sustained growth and global competitiveness.

There is no one good definition of what industrial automation is. Perhaps the best definition is a simple one: industrial automation is the use of electronics to control and monitor a process or machinery. While there are many steps that China must take to ensure the appropriate development of its industrial base and supporting infrastructure, the utilization of advanced industrial automation is a critical step. Increases in productivity and efficiency are not possible without a high level of industrial automation.

If we were to look at the growth in productivity of U.S. industry from the mid-1980s to the mid-1990s, two pivotal factors stand out. The first is a revolution in management techniques and consequent restructuring of the American corporation. Management became results-focused, flatter and more distributed, with great participation by the work force.

The second pivotal factor was the infusion of advanced industrial automation into manufacturing and other automated processes. Together these two elements led to significant increases in productivity and efficiency. These increases led the way to sustained growth in the U.S. economy, so that by the late 1980s and the early 1990s the U.S. economy was growing faster than that of Japan for the first time in several decades.

China, which is now at its own critical industrial and management systems crossroads, can borrow from some of these experiences. China has an unparalleled opportunity to adopt advanced industrial automation as this technology moves into the new millennium and into the information era.

The future of industrial automation will be a networked future with a great reliance on wireless connectivity. Utilization of effective and open networks such as DeviceNet, ControlNet and Ethernet/IP, with their ability to connect to the Internet, allows for continuous control and feedback from the factory floor to the management office and beyond.

The factory floor and the management office can be linked continuously and in real time with suppliers, sales force and customers. Every part of this chain will be able to monitor, input to and adjust the manufacturing process and supporting activities.

The future of industrial automation will also very much be linked to software that is an open platform. and is multifunctional. The right software package provides tremendous flexibility and agility in the manufacturing process.

Industrial software provides the operator interface and gateway from the factory floor to the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system and even to the Internet to provide seamless flow of data and information so that the "Information Enabled Enterprise" can be managed in a more flexible, integrated, and efficient manner.

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第3题

就业是民生之本,是人们赖以生存和发展的基本经济资源。由于人口众多,劳动力资源丰富和经济结构调

整等原因,中国目前面临巨大的就业压力。中国政府始终将促进就业作为国民经济和社会发展的战略任务,将控制失业率列入国民经济宏观调控的主要目标,合理调整就业结构,建立市场导向的就业机制,大力促进就业总量的增加,总体上保持了就业形式的基本稳定。

在增加基本建设投资,积极扩大内需,保持国民经济快速发展的同时,中国政府通过产业政策的调整,重视发展具有比较优势和市场潜力的劳动密集型企业,积极发展多种所有制经济,鼓励灵活多样的就业形式,增加就业岗位,拓宽就业渠道。

为解决农村劳动力的就业问题,中国政府积极调整农业和农村经济结构,鼓励发展效益农业和劳动密集型农业,积极引导农村富余劳动力的合理流动。

为提高劳动者的文化素质和职业技能,中国政府通过多种途径,努力发展各类教育事业,努力建立一个全方位多层次的职业技术教育和培训体系。

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第4题

海洋是全球生命支持系统的一个不可缺少的组成部分。海洋不仅是自然资源的宝库,同时也是我们人类居

住环境的重要调节器。中国政府高度重视海洋的开发和保护,不断加强海洋综合管理,促进海洋产业的协调发展。

中国已经形成了具有区域特征的多学科的海洋科学体系。国家有关部门制定了海洋科学发展战略和支持海洋科学发展的规划和计划,为海洋渔业发展、海洋油气资源开发、海洋环境保护和海洋防灾减灾等,提供了科学指导和依据。

经过半个世纪的发展,中国已经建成了以国家海洋信息中心为主的海洋资料信息服务系统,为海洋开发、海洋科研和环境保护提供了大量的信息服务。

近年来,中国不断改造海洋捕捞业、运输业和海水制盐业等传统产业;大力发展海洋养殖业、油气业、医药业等新兴产业;积极勘探新的可开发海洋资源,促进深海采矿、海水综合利用、海洋能发电等潜在海洋产业的形成和发展。中国的海洋渔业、海盐和盐化工业以及海洋运输业、造船业、油气业等主要海洋产业已经成为国民经济发展的推动力量。

中国目前正在实施海洋高技术计划,其重点是海岸带资源与环境可持续利用、海水淡化、海洋能利用和海水资源综合利用等高技术的开发和利用。

作为一个高度负责的沿海大国,中国积极推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作,并认真履行自己承担的国际义务,为全球海洋开发和保护事业做出了积极贡献。

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第5题

首先,我感谢莱文校长的邀请,使我有机会来到世界著名学府耶鲁大学,同青年朋友和老师们相聚在一起。

进入耶鲁大学的校园,看到莘莘学子青春洋溢的脸庞,呼吸着书香浓郁的空气,我不由回想起40年前在北京清华大学的求学岁月。当年老师们对我的教诲,同学们给我的启发,我至今仍受用不尽。耶鲁大学以悠久的发展历史、独特的办学风格、卓著的学术成就闻名于世。//

如果时光能够倒流几十年,我真希望成为你们中的一员。耶鲁大学校训强调追求光明和真理,这符合人类进步的法则,也符合每个有志青年的心愿。300多年来,耶鲁大学培养出一大批杰出人才,其中包括20位诺贝尔奖获得者、5位美国总统。美国民族英雄内森?黑尔是耶鲁校友,他的名言——“我唯一的憾事,就是没有第二次生命献给我的祖国”,深深感染了我和许多中国人。//

我衷心祝愿贵校培养出更多英才,为美国经济社会发展、为人类进步事业作出更大贡献!长期以来,中美两国人民一直相互抱有浓厚的兴趣和友好的感情。中国人民欣赏美国人民的开拓进取精神,钦佩美国人民在建设国家中取得的骄人业绩。随着中国的快速发展和中美合作的不断拓展,越来越多的美国人也把目光投向中国,更加关注中国的发展进步。//

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第6题

SECTION 1Compulsory Translation(20 points) 中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代,

SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points)

中华民族历来尊重人的尊严和价值。还在遥远的古代,我们的先人就已提出“民为贵”的思想,认为“天生万物,唯人为贵”,一切社会的发展和进步,都取决于人的发展和进步,取决于人的尊严的维护和价值的发挥。中国共产党领导人民进行革命、建设和改革,就是要实现全中国人民广泛的自由、民主和人权。今天中国所焕发出来的巨人活力,是中国人民拥有广泛自由、民主的生动写照。中的发展中大国,仍然必须首先保障最广大人民的生存权和发展权,不然一切其他权利都无从谈起。中国确保十二亿多人的生存权和发展权,这是对世界人权进步事业的重大贡献。

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第7题

中国航天事业的宗旨与原则中国航天事业的发展宗旨是:探索外层空间,扩展对宇宙和地球的认识;和平

中国航天事业的宗旨与原则

中国航天事业的发展宗旨是:探索外层空间,扩展对宇宙和地球的认识;和平利用外层空间,促进人类文明和社会发展,造福全人类;满足经济建设、国家安全、科技发展和社会进步等方面日益增长的需要,维护国家利益,增强综合国力。中国航天事业的发展原则是:

-坚持长期、稳定、持续的发展方针,使航天事业的发展服从和服务于国家整体发展战略;

-坚持独立自主、自力更生、自主创新,积极推进国家交流与合作;

-根据国情和国力,选择有限目标,重点突破;

-提高航天活动的社会效益和经济效益,重视技术进步的推动力;

-坚持统筹规划、远近结合、天地结合、协调发展。

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第8题

SECTION 1Compulsory Translation(20 points)北京,是中华民族的远祖——“北京人”——的故乡;同时也是

SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points)

北京,是中华民族的远祖——“北京人”——的故乡;同时也是世界闻名的文化古城。三千多年前,这里已是周朝封国——燕国——的都城。公元十世纪后,辽、金、元、明、清五个封建王朝以此作为陪都或国都。1949年中华人民共和国成立,定北京为首都。

在漫长的历史进程中,各民族不同的文化在这块宝地上相互渗透交融,孕育成一种特有的北京韵味。那金碧辉煌的宫阙殿堂,那雄伟壮丽的城墙门楼,那纵横交错的大街小巷,那淳朴憨厚的民风民俗,以及那些充满地方色调的店铺摊贩……北京,无一时,无一处,无一事不令人流连怀念,津津乐道。

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