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听力原文：Despite efforts of the government to reduce the incidence of smoking among teenag

ers and young adults, such as the new law which makes smoking more expensive, I regret to say that smoking is not in decline.

(53)

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第1题

听力原文：Canadians and Americans usually tip in places like restaurants, airports, hotels

and hair salons. The usual tip for barbers, hairdressers, waiters and waitresses is between 10 and 20 percent of the bill.

(52)

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第2题

Every culture has its own distinctive conventions regarding what should be learned and how

learning should take place. These conventions form. a largely unquestioned base for the culture's systems of primary, secondary, and tertiary education. In one culture, students may be encouraged to collaborate with their fellow students, while in another culture this activity may be prohibited. In some societies, students are discouraged from asking questions, while in others they may be required to do 80 as part of their formal assessment.

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第3题

For kids who are exposed to books at home, the loss of a library is sad. But for kids who

come from environments where people don't read, the loss of a library is a tragedy that might keep them from ever discovering the joys of reading—or from gathering the kind of information that will decide their lot in life. Jonathan Kozol, for decades an advocate for disadvantaged children, has observed that school libraries "remain the clearest window to a world of pure satisfactions and enticements that most children in poor neighborhoods will never know."

Kids deprived of access to good libraries are also being kept from developing the information skills they need to keep up in workplaces that are increasingly dependent on rapidly changing information. The ability to conduct research is probably the most essential skill today's students can have. The knowledge students acquire in school is not going to serve them throughout their lifetimes. Many of them will have four to five careers in a lifetime. It will be their ability to navigate information that will matter.

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第4题

听力原文：Superstition have been part of life since the beginning of human history, and eve

n in today's science and technology, most of us are secretly superstitious about certain things, even though we may pretend not to be.

(54)

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第5题

听力原文：Americans believe no one stands still; if you are not moving ahead, you are falli

ng behind. This attitude results in a nation of people committed to researching, experimenting and exploring.

(52)

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第6题

A surprising amount can be learned in a short time by those who have clear objectives and

are prepared to work consistently, providing that they clear their mind of some prevalent misconceptions.

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第7题

听力原文：Collecting waste, food or materials that can cause fires creates serious health r

isks. In the United States, it violates laws that were created to protect public safety and property.

(54)

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第8题

The culture of any society is usually thought to be of two kinds: material and nonmaterial

. Material culture includes the man-made phenomena which have physical properties such as height, breadth, and weight. A boat, a machine, a house — all these objects are part of the material culture. The nonmaterial culture is that portion of the environment which surrounds man and which has an impact on his behavior. but which lacks these material properties: values, beliefs, traditions, and all the other habits and ideas invented and acquired by man as a member of society.

Contemporary sociological theory tends to assign primary importance to the nonmaterial culture in choosing problems for study. It assumes, for example, that boats, planes, automobiles, and so forth, are not nearly so important as the traditions we have developed which make their manufacture possible — indeed, which prescribe how we are to use them. The emphasis of contemporary sociology is to insist that the material culture would not exist had not the nonmaterial culture first been available to suggest the ideas which are embodied in the inventions of material culture.

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第9题

听力原文：Although the engineers could not be certain that the new plan would work, it seem

ed like a good solution to the problem, at least on paper.

(54)

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第10题

A full-time stay-at-home mother would earn $134,121 a year if paid for all her work, an am

ount similar to a top U.S. ad executive, a marketing director or a judge, according to a study released Wednesday.

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