1. Chemical kinetics focus on ____

What will future news reports focus on when talking about transportation?

A．Road conditions.

B．Highway traffic.

C．Air traffic conditions.

D．New traffic rules.

According to the news item, which of the following is CORRECT?

A．The Fed"s focus on financial market lasts less than 3 months.

B．The US has recovered from the financial crisis completely.

C．The US recovered more slowly from the crisis than other countries.

D．Some states will face problems of the Quantitative easing policy.

Traditional structured analysis techniques focus upon the flow of(1)within a system. Object-oriented analysis emphasizes the building of real-world models, It examines requirements from the perspective of the classes and objects found in the vocabulary of the(2)domain.Traditional system design method emphasizes the proper and effective structure of a complex system. Object-oriented design method encompasses the process of object- oriented decomposition and a(3)for depicting both logical and physical as well as static and dynamic models of the system under design.Object-oriented programming is a method of implementation in which programs are organized as cooperative collections of objects, each of which represents an(4)of some class, and whose classes are all members of a hierarchy of classes united via(5)relationships.

A．control

B．program

C．data

D．reference

What did the court think of the EPA's excuses for its inaction?

A．The court denied the EPA's excuses as sufficient for its inaction.

B．It remained undecided whether the court accepted the excuses.

C．The court thought the excuses are similar to that of coal-fired power plants.

D．The court will examine the EPA's excuses further.

Discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States has focused on two factors: social standing and the loss of national culture. In general, excessive stress is placed on one factor or the other, depending on whether the commentator is North American or Puerto Rican. Many North American social scientists, such as Oscar Handlin, Joseph Fitzpatrick, and Oscar Lewis, consider Puerto Ricans as the most recent in a long line of ethnic entrants to occupy the lowest rung on the social ladder. Such a “sociodemographic” approach tends to regard assimilation as a benign process, taking for granted increased economic advantages and inevitable cultural integration, in a supposedly egalitarian context. However, this approach fails to take into account the colonial nature of the Puerto Rican case, with this group, unlike their European predecessors, coming from a nation politically .subordinated to the United States. Even the "radical" critiques of this mainstream research model, such as the critique developed in Divided Society, attach the issue of ethnic assimilation too mechanically to factors of economic and social mobility and are thus unable to illuminate the cultural subordination of Puerto Ricans as a colonial minority.

In contrast, the "colonialist" approach of island-based writers such as Eduardo Seda-Bonilla, Manuel Maldonao-Denis, and Luis Nieves-Falcon tends to view assimilation as the forced loss of national culture in an unequal context with imposed foreign values. There is, of course, a strong tradition of cultural accommodation among other Puerto Rican thinkers. The writings of Eugenio Fernandez Mendez clearly exemplify this tradition, and many supporters of Puerto Rico's commonwealth status share the same universalizing orientation. But the Puerto Rican intellectuals who have written most about the assimilation process in the United States all advance cultural nationalist views, advocating the preservation of minority cultural distinctions and rejecting what they see as the subjugation of colonial nationalities.

This cultural and political emphasis is appropriate, but the colonialist thinkers misdirect it, overlooking the class relations at work in both Puerto Rican and North American history. They pose the clash of national cultures as an absolute polarity, with each culture understood as static and undifferentiated. Yet both the Puerto Rican and North American traditions have been subject to constant challenge from cultural forces within their own societies, forces that may move toward each other in ways that cannot be written off as mere "assimilation." Consider, for example, the indigenous and Afro-Caribbean traditions in Puerto Rican culture and how they influence and are influenced by other Caribbean cultures and Black cultures in the United States. The elements of coercion and inequality, so central to cultural contact according to the colonialist framework play no role in this kind of convergence of racially and ethnically different elements of the same social class.

The author's main purpose is to______.

A．criticize the emphasis on social standing in discussion of the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States

B．support the thesis that assimilation has not been a benign process for Puerto Ricans

C．defend a view of the assimilation of Puerto Ri, cans that emphasizes the preservation of national culture

D．indicate deficiencies in two schools of thought on the assimilation of Puerto Ricans in the United States

Travelling at high speed means ______.

A．people's focus on the future

B．a pleasure

C．satisfying drivers' great thrill

D．a necessity of life

11These are the motives for doing it

A reasons B excuses

C answers D replies

Suppose that chemical composition is uniform among stars formed from the same cloud of gas and dust, but that chemical composition varies among stars formed from different clouds of gas and dust. Student 2 would most likely agree with which of the following statements comparing the chemical compositions of the stars in the present-day Algol system at the time they formed?

A.Algol A and Algol B had the most similar compositions.

B.Algol A and Algol C had the most similar compositions.

C.Algol B and Algol C had the most similar compositions.

D.Algol A, Algol B, and Algol C had the same composition.